Q's Flashcards
function of cerebrum
higher mental functioning
interpret sensory stimuli
plan & integrate movement
function of frontal lobe
voluntary skeletal movement
personality
intellect
decision making
fuction of parietal lobe
sensation
function of temporal lobe
hearing
smell
function of occipital lobe
vision
function of insula
memory
taste
integrate activities with other lobes
location of insula
superficial lobe of cerebrum
the longitudinal fissure…
seperates the R & L hemispheres of the cerebrum
the lateral fissure…
separates the frontal & parietal lobes from the temporal lobe
the central sulcus…
separates frontal from the parietal lobe
what are the slender folds of grey matter on the surface of the cerebellum?
folia
the pituitary gland extends from…
the hypothalamus via the infundibulum
what is the thin membrane that seperates the lateral ventricles?
septum pellucidum
the thalamus forms the…
walls of the 3rd ventricle
the cieling of the lateral ventricle is …
corpus callosum
the floor of the lateral ventricle is …
fornix
the cerebral aqueduct connects…
the 3rd and 4th ventricles
the superior and inferior colicullus forms…
corpora quadrigemina
function of the diencephalon…
process integrate and relay information
maintain homeostasis
regulate biological rhythms
function of the cerebellum…
monitor and coordinate movement
function of the brainstem…
maintain homeostasis
control (some) reflexes
monitor movement
integrate and relay information
where are most photoreceptors found
retina
the macula lutea has what?
fovea centralis at its center
& high concentration of cones
the cornea and the sclara form what portion of the eye?
outer fibrous layer
the accommodation of the lens…
changes the shape of the lens to keep things in focus
the vitreous humor does what?
holds the retina in place
gives the eyeball its shape
the ciliary muscles and processes function to do what?
help change the shape of the lens in order to focus
help filter plasma to create aqueous humor
laminated corpuscles respond to
deep pressure
tactile corpuscles respond to
touch and light pressure
ruffini’s corpuscles responds to
deep pressure & stretch
free nerve endings respond to
temperature & pain
what was the point of the 2 point discrimination test?
to understand that density of touch receptors in the skin vary in different parts of the body
where is the greatest touch receptor density in the body?
finger tips
the vestibule functions in
balance & equillibrium
the semicircular canals function in
balance and equillibrium
the cochlea functions in?
hearing
the spinal nerve is where
anterior and dorsal roots are fused becoming the nerve
the grey commissure is what?
commisural tissue that connects the 2 sides of grey mater
at its center there is the central canal, where CSF is found
function of the scleral venus sinus
collecting aqueous humor
returns it to the blood
what do cow eyes have that human eyes do not? what is its function? where is it located?
tapetum lucidum
night vision
just beneath the retina
anabolism describes
chemical reactions that build up molecules
catabolism describes
chemical reactions that break down molecules
catabolic reactions release…
energy
some used for cell functioning
some released as heat
when catabolism is accelerated…
the body burns more calories & produces more heat
when catabolism is slowed…
the body burns fewer calories and produces less heat
islet cells are in what hormone releasing organ?
pancreas
islet cells include what?
alpha and beta cells
alpha cells secrete what?
glucagon
beta cells secrete what?
insulin
the colloid is on what hormone secreting gland?
thyroid
what is the function of the colloid?
store iodine
follicle cells are on what hormone secreting gland?
thyroid
follicle cells function is…
release thyroglobulin into the colloid where it combines with iodine forming T3/T4
parafollicular cells are on what hormone secreting gland?
thyroid
parafollicular cells function is what?
releasing calcitonin
hormone that directly maintains metabolism & thus body heat?
T4
what two hormones indirectly influence metabolism by promoting or inhibiting T4? where are they from?
TRH - from hypothalamus
TSH - anterior pituitary
blood plasma glucose is regulated by what 2 hormones? where are they secreted from and why?
insulin
glucagon
secreted by pancreas
part of neg. feedback loop that keeps blood glucose within a normal range
insulin is released when
blood glucose rises (eating carbs)
how does insulin low blood glucose to the normal range?
stimulating the uptake of glucose by the cells of the liver and muscles, the the cells glucose is made into glycogen for storage
glucagon is released when
blood glucose falls below normal
how does glucagon raise blood glucose back to its normal range?
by stimulating the liver to break down its glycogen into glucose and release it into the blood
what is a disorder related to blood glucose regulation?
diabetes mellitus
type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs when? what occurs? what is it?
beta cells of pancreas no longer produce / secrete insulin
blood glucose levels rise dangerously high
auto-immune disorder - immune system attacks pancreas’ beta cells
type 2 diabetes mellitus occurs when? associated with what?
liver resists insulin, leaves excess glucose in the blood
associated with poor life style habits
