Q 7: Brain Anatomy Vasculature - Hutcheson

Question 1

How many arteries serve the superficial cortex?

Answer 1

3

Anterior, middle, and posterior arteries

Question 2

How many arteries serve the cerebellum?

Answer 2

3

Superior Cerebellar artery

AICA (anterior inferior cerebellar a.)

PICA (posterior inferior cerebellar a.)

Question 3

What is a key feature of the middle meningeal artery?

Answer 3

It runs underneath the pterion (the area where the temporal bone, sphenoid bone, frontal bone, and parietal bone meet) which is very thin bone. Can fracture easily and cause damage

Can lead to Epidural hematoma

Question 4

What are basic functions of the temporal lobe?

Answer 4

Emotion, auditory, learning

Question 5

What does the Broca’s area do?

Where is it found?

Answer 5

“Broduction” of speech. Produce speech

In the frontal lobe

Question 6

What does Wernicke’s area do?

Where is it found?

Answer 6

Understanding speech

Parietal lobe

Question 7

What separates the post and precentral gyri?

Answer 7

Central sulcus

Question 8

What is the primary motor cortex?

Where is it found?

Answer 8

Precentral gyrus

The posterior-most part of the frontal lobe (anterior to central sulcus)

Question 9

What is the primary sensory cortex?

Where is it found?

Answer 9

Postcentral gyrus

Anterior-most part of parietal lobe (posterior to central sulcus)

Question 10

What is the primary motor AND sensory cortex of the lower limbs?

Where is it found?

Answer 10

Paracentral lobule

Within the longitudinal fissure along the central sulcus (where the parietal and frontal lobes meet along the midline)

Question 11

What is found deep inside the cerebrum near the lateral/Sylvian fissure?

What does it do?

Answer 11

Insular cortex

Emotion, cognition

Question 12

What separates the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes?

Answer 12

Lateral/sylvian fissure

Question 13

What structure(s) relays sensory and motor information and is the origin of cranial nerves?

Answer 13

Pons and medulla

Question 14

What splits the cerebrum in hemispheres and is the location of sagittal sinuses?

Answer 14

Longitudinal fissure

Question 15

What arteries make up the Cerebral arterial Circle of Willis?

Answer 15

Anterior Communicating a.

Anterior cerebral a.

Internal Carotid a. (ICA)

Posterior communicating a.

Posterior cerebral a.

Question 16

What arteries branch off the ICA?

Answer 16

Ophthalmic a.

Anterior cerebral a.

Middle cerebral a.

Question 17

What arteries branch off of the vertebral artery?

Answer 17

PICA

Basilar a.:

• AICA
• SCA
• Posterior cerebral a.

Question 18

What cranial nerves arise from the midbrain?

Answer 18

Oculomotor nerve

Trochlear nerve

Question 19

What cranial nerves arise from the pons?

Answer 19

Trigeminal nerve

Abducens nerve

Facial nerve

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 20

What cranial nerves arise from the telencephalon?

Answer 20

Olfactory nerve

Question 21

What cranial nerves arise from the medulla?

Answer 21

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Vagus

Accessory

Hypoglossal

Question 22

What cranial nerves arise from the diencephalon?

Answer 22

Optic nerve

Question 23

What is the purpose of a gag reflex test in an unconscious patient?

Answer 23

Check medulla for damage

Question 24

What is the purpose of a pupillary light reflex test in an unconscious patient?

Answer 24

Check midbrain for damage

Question 25

What is the purpose of a corneal reflex test in an unconscious patient?

Answer 25

Check pons for damage

Question 26

A patient experiences an epidural hematoma. What artery is most likely the root cause of this?

What is a likely site of damage that could cause the epidural hematoma?

Answer 26

Middle meningeal artery

Pterion