Q 7: Brain Anatomy Vasculature - Hutcheson Flashcards
How many arteries serve the superficial cortex?
3
Anterior, middle, and posterior arteries
How many arteries serve the cerebellum?
3
Superior Cerebellar artery
AICA (anterior inferior cerebellar a.)
PICA (posterior inferior cerebellar a.)
What is a key feature of the middle meningeal artery?
It runs underneath the pterion (the area where the temporal bone, sphenoid bone, frontal bone, and parietal bone meet) which is very thin bone. Can fracture easily and cause damage
Can lead to Epidural hematoma
What are basic functions of the temporal lobe?
Emotion, auditory, learning
What does the Broca’s area do?
Where is it found?
“Broduction” of speech. Produce speech
In the frontal lobe
What does Wernicke’s area do?
Where is it found?
Understanding speech
Parietal lobe
What separates the post and precentral gyri?
Central sulcus
What is the primary motor cortex?
Where is it found?
Precentral gyrus
The posterior-most part of the frontal lobe (anterior to central sulcus)
What is the primary sensory cortex?
Where is it found?
Postcentral gyrus
Anterior-most part of parietal lobe (posterior to central sulcus)
What is the primary motor AND sensory cortex of the lower limbs?
Where is it found?
Paracentral lobule
Within the longitudinal fissure along the central sulcus (where the parietal and frontal lobes meet along the midline)
What is found deep inside the cerebrum near the lateral/Sylvian fissure?
What does it do?
Insular cortex
Emotion, cognition
What separates the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes?
Lateral/sylvian fissure
What structure(s) relays sensory and motor information and is the origin of cranial nerves?
Pons and medulla
What splits the cerebrum in hemispheres and is the location of sagittal sinuses?
Longitudinal fissure
What arteries make up the Cerebral arterial Circle of Willis?
Anterior Communicating a.
Anterior cerebral a.
Internal Carotid a. (ICA)
Posterior communicating a.
Posterior cerebral a.
What arteries branch off the ICA?
Ophthalmic a.
Anterior cerebral a.
Middle cerebral a.
What arteries branch off of the vertebral artery?
PICA
Basilar a.:
- AICA
- SCA
- Posterior cerebral a.
What cranial nerves arise from the midbrain?
Oculomotor nerve
Trochlear nerve
What cranial nerves arise from the pons?
Trigeminal nerve
Abducens nerve
Facial nerve
Vestibulocochlear nerve
What cranial nerves arise from the telencephalon?
Olfactory nerve
What cranial nerves arise from the medulla?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus
Accessory
Hypoglossal
What cranial nerves arise from the diencephalon?
Optic nerve
What is the purpose of a gag reflex test in an unconscious patient?
Check medulla for damage
What is the purpose of a pupillary light reflex test in an unconscious patient?
Check midbrain for damage
