Python Fundamentals

Question 1

What is a function? And how can you recognise it?

Answer 1

A reusable piece of code that completes a specific task.

By spotting a word followed by round brackets and quotation marks inside (either “” or ‘’)

Question 2

What is the print function used for?

Answer 2

To output a message to the programmer

Question 3

What are the three fundamental concepts (building blocks) of programming?

Answer 3

1. Variables & data types
2. Conditional statements
3. Loops

Question 4

What is a variable?

Answer 4

Assigned data, it can store any data type that you need.

Question 5

Label components of the following:

int age = 32

Answer 5

int = data type
age = reference (variable name)
32 = value stored in memory

Question 6

What are the different types of data? Give examples.

Answer 6

String - basic, plain text, used to display information e.g. name = ‘Steve’
Boolean - Yes or no, true or false e.g. discount = false
Integer - A whole number (non-fractional) e.g. age = 32
Float - A decimal number (fractional) e.g. wallet = 293.32

Question 7

What is the following an example of?

if day = “Saturday”:
print (“Yes, day off!”)
else:
print (“Back to work!”)

Answer 7

A conditional statement (IF statement)

Question 8

Why is Python a useful programming language?

Answer 8

Beginner friendly language, fastest-growing major programming language, lots of useful libraries & features

Question 9

How do you print a greeting to the user i.e. hello insert users name and last name?

Answer 9

first_name = input (“what is your name?”)
last_name = input (“what is your last name?”)
print (“hello”,first_name,last_name)

Question 10

What is the input function used for?

Answer 10

Interacting with the user e.g. Enter your name:

Question 11

Is output a function?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

How are mathematical operations ordered in Python?

Answer 12

BODMAS - brackets, orders e.g. x^2, division, multiplication, addition, subtraction

Question 13

How would you get this as an answer in the console:

please enter first number: 2
please enter second number: 2
2.0 + 2.0 = 4.0

Answer 13

number1=float(input(“please enter first number: “))
number2=float(input(“please enter second number: “))
answer = number1 + number2
print(number1,”+”,number2,”=”,answer)

Question 14

Why would we need to sometimes label different data types?

Answer 14

Data types define the operations that can be done on the data, the meaning of the data, and the
way values of that type can be stored. A data type is an attribute of data that tells us how a programmer intends to use the data.

Question 15

How would you print this using separate string variables:

carrot beans

Answer 15

veg1 = “carrot”
veg2 = “beans”
print(veg1+ ‘ ‘+ veg2)

You combine strings using + and numbers and strings with ,

Question 16

What does the computer default the input value to (data type)?

Answer 16

string

Question 17

What is \n?

Answer 17

line break e.g. “This string is broken up \nover multiple lines” will output

This string is broken up
over multiple lines

Question 18

How do you convert a number to an integer, what should you take extra care in and how do you combat this?

Answer 18

int(2.6)

the output is 2 not 3 as it takes the whole part of the number rather than rounding it up, use round(2.6) to combat this

Question 19

when do you need to make sure you use :?

Answer 19

after boolean statements (if/else/elif)

Question 20

What is important when using the true/false statements?

Answer 20

Capitalise these functions e.g. True/False

Question 21

Write a code to check which number is bigger than the other (and print answer).

Answer 21

number1 = float(input(“enter first number:”))
number2 = float(input(“enter second number:”))
if number1 > number2:
number1bigger = True
else:
number1bigger = False
print(“number1bigger:”, number1bigger)

Question 22

How do you add a comment (non coding text)?

Answer 22

use #