Python

Question 1

variable

Answer 1

name for something so you can use the name rather than the something as you code.

ex.
cars = 100
print “There are”, cars, “cars available.”

Question 2

string

Answer 2

” (double-quotes) or ‘ (single-quotes) around text.

ex.
print “Let’s talk about coding.”

Question 3

format string

Answer 3

Putting a variable inside a string.

ex.
my_name = ‘Wealth Coding”

print “Let’s talk about %s.” % my_name
print “I said %r is better than %r.” % (jordan, kobe)

Question 4

format character

Answer 4

% (percent) followed by the variable.

ex.
%d, %r, %s

Question 5

\n (back-slash n)

Answer 5

Go to next line.

Question 6

””” (3 double-quotes)

Answer 6

Print text on multiple lines

ex.
print """
I want to print
on multiple lines
so I will.
"""

Question 7

escape sequences

Answer 7

\n go to the next line.
\\ just one back slash.
\t tab
\t* indent and asterisk
"I am 6'1\" tall" # escape double-quote
'I am 6\'1" tall.' escape singe=quote

Question 8

raw_input()

Answer 8

How to get user to enter information.

ex.
print “How old are you?,
age = raw_input()

print “So, you’re %r old.” % age

Question 9

raw input with a prompt

Answer 9

ex.

age = raw_input(“How old are you? “)

print “So, you’re %r old.” % age

Question 10

script

Answer 10

another name for .py files

Question 11

argument

Answer 11

When you type python ex13.py in terminal, ex13.py is the argument.

Question 12

modules

Answer 12

features you import to make Python do more (also called libraries).

ex.
from sys import argv

Question 13

argv

Answer 13

argument variable. This variable holds the arguments you pass to your Python script when you run it.

ex. from sys import argv
script, first, second = argv
print “The first variable is:”, first

Question 14

unpack

Answer 14

“Take whatever is in argv (or something else), unpack it, and assign it to all of these variables on the left in that order.

ex.
script, first, second, third = argv

Question 15

raw_input(prompt)

Answer 15

something like > prompt to get input from user. Similar to Zork or Adventure.

prompt = ‘> ‘

print “What do you like %s?” % user_name
likes = raw_input(prompt)

Question 16

open(filename)

Answer 16

open a file.

ex.
from sys import argv
script, filename = argv
txt = open(filename)

note must: python ex15.py sample.txt

Question 17

txt.read()

Answer 17

reads text in python

ex.
print “Here’s your file %r:” % filename
print txt.read()

Question 18

close

Answer 18

Closes the file. Like file->Save in your editor.

Question 19

read

Answer 19

Reads the contents of the file, you can assign the result to a variable.

Question 20

readline

Answer 20

Reads just one line of a text file.

Question 21

truncate

Answer 21

Empties the file, whatch out if you care about the file.

Question 22

write(stuff)

Answer 22

Writes stuff to the file.

Question 23

w

Answer 23

use so you can write to the file

ex.
print “Opening the file. . .”
target = open(filename, ‘w’)

Question 24

target.close()

Answer 24

closes the file. “target” can be any other format

Question 25

Functions

Answer 25

1. They name pieces of code the way variables name strings and numbers.
2. They take arguments the way your scripts take argv.
3. Using #1 and #2 they let you make your own “mini scripts” or “tiny commands”.

Question 26

def

Answer 26

How you make functions in Python. def is short for define.

Question 27

*args

Answer 27

works like argv parameter but for functions. Has to go inside ( ) parenthesis to work.

ex.
def some_name(*args):

Question 28

return

Answer 28

ex.

def add(a, b):
    print "ADDING %d + %d" % (a, b)
    return a + b

age = add(30, 5)