Python

Question 1

What does this Python command do?
print()

Answer 1

Outputs text to the screen.

Question 2

What is a variable?

Answer 2

A variable is a storage space in memory, which can be changed by the program as it runs.

Question 3

How would you ask the user for an input and then store the user’s input in a variable?

Answer 3

varname =  input("question to ask user")

Question 4

What is a string in Python?

Answer 4

a string of characters, surrounded by single or double quotation marks.

Question 5

What is an integer in Python?

Answer 5

a positive or negative whole number

Question 6

What is an float in Python?

Answer 6

a positive or negative number containing one or more decimals

Question 7

What is a list in Python?

Answer 7

Multiple items in a single variable. Lists are ordered, allow duplicates and can be changed.

Question 8

What is a tuple in Python?

Answer 8

also allow multiple items in a single variable (like a list). They are also ordered but cannot be changed.

Question 9

What is a range in Python?

Answer 9

a sequence of numbers

Question 10

What is a boolean in Python?

Answer 10

only has one of two values, true or false.

Question 11

List 2 different ways of formatting output using placeholders.

Answer 11

• The format() method
• using F-Strings

Question 12

What method of formatting output using placeholders is the following code using?
~~~
first_name = input (‘Please enter your first name’)
last_name = input(‘Please enter your last name’)
print(‘Hello {0} {1} pleased to meet you.’.format(first_name,last_name))
~~~

Answer 12

The format() method

Question 13

What method of formatting output using placeholders is the following code using?
~~~
first_name = input (“Please enter the client’s name: “)
height = float(input(“Please enter the height: “))
txt = f”{first_name} is {height:.2f}m tall”
print(txt)
~~~

Answer 13

F-strings

Question 14

Explain the following code:

first_name = input ('Please enter your first name')
last_name = input('Please enter your last name')
print('Hello {0} {1} pleased to meet you.'.format(first_name,last_name))

Answer 14

The program will start by asking the user for their first name. It will then store it in a variable called first_name. Then it will do the same with the last name, but instead will store it in a variable called last_name. Then it will print “Hello (first name) (last name). Pleased to meet you.” It does this by using the placeholder method. It puts the tags {0} and {1} into the print command’s string. Then after the string is closed, but still in the brackets of the print command, it has .format(first_name,last_name) Which will assign first_name to {0} and last_name to {1}.

Question 15

What do the if, elif and else statements do?

Answer 15

• All 3 go together but elif is not required
• if is used to compare one thing to another
  * must end with a colon :
  * Any instructions you want to run if statement is true must be indented. How much is not important, but all the lines must be indented by the same amount.
• The else statement tells the computer what instructions to follow if the if statement returns a value of false.
  * must end with a colon :
• The elif is similar to the if statement.
  * The structure of an elif statement is just the same as the original if statement, but it cannot be used alone.
  * It must be part of an if..elif..else statement.
  * You can have as many elif choices as you need before your final else statement.

Note: The indents after each of the if, elif and else statements show that these instructions will only be executed if selected by the preceding if, elif or else.

Question 16

What is used to enclose a list?

Answer 16

Square brackets

[ ]

Question 17

What seperates each value in a list?

Answer 17

commas

,

Question 18

What command do you use to print one item from a list?

Answer 18

print (varname [number of the item])

Remember: Lists always start with item 0

Question 19

How do you add an item to the end of the list?

Answer 19

listvarname.append (item to add to list enclosed in brackets)

Question 20

How do you print the length of the list?

Answer 20

print (len(listvarname))

Question 21

How do you remove an element from a list?

Answer 21

listvarname.remove (item to remove from list enclosed in brackets)

Question 22

How do you sort a list?

Answer 22

myList.sort()

Question 23

What is the difference between a list and a tuple?

Answer 23

Lists can be edited, but tuples can’t be edited.

Question 24

What is a loop ➰ in programming?

Answer 24

A loop in programming code will repeat (iterate) until a specific end result is achieved.

Question 25

Name the two types of loops in Python.

Answer 25

• for

• while

Question 26

What is a

for

loop in Python and what does the term “iterable object” mean?

Answer 26

• for

  loops are used when you have a block of code which you want to repeat a fixed number of times.
• An iterable object is any Python object capable of returning its members one at a time, permitting it to be stepped through one member at a time.

Question 27

What does the

range()

functon do in Python and how does it work?

Answer 27

The

range

function allows us to use a

for

loop to repeat a block of code a set number of times. The range function returns a series of numbers, starting and zero and ending with the number specified.

Question 28

What is a

while

loop ➰ in Python?

Answer 28

A

while

loop is used to execute a block of statements repeatedly until a given condition is no longer true. When the condition becomes false, the line immediately after the loop in the program is executed. The block of code in the loop is identified by being indented.