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Microbiology > Pyogenic Cocci > Flashcards

Pyogenic Cocci Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 4 genera of Pyogenic cocci?

A

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Enterococcus
Neisseria

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2
Q

What are the 4 main characteristics of genus staphylococcus? (Gram stain, shape, other characteristics)

A

Gram positive
Coccus
Catalase positive
Normal flora on skin and nasal passages

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3
Q

What additive on a microscope plate do you use to test for catalase?

A

Peroxide

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4
Q

Is staphylococcus catalase + or -?

A

Catalase positive

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5
Q

Is streptococcus catalase + or -?

A

Catalase negative

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6
Q

Which bacteria has the following characteristics?
Gold and yellow colonies
Many strains, many diseases
Multifactorial
Normal floral, nosocomial, carrier state in upper respiratory tract
Coagulase Positive
Protein A in cell wall

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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7
Q

What are the 3 colonial characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus?

A

Golden yellow colonies
Smooth
Hemolytic

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8
Q

What are the steps to proving if you have Staphylococcus aureus?

A 
Gram stain
Shape
Catalase
Coagulase
(Serology for Protein A but not routinely done and definitely not done WITH a coagulase... either one or the other)
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9
Q

What is the most likely organism of skin infections causing inflammation of the skin?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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10
Q

What is the first bacteria you think of with any inflammatory skin case history?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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11
Q

Which 3 systemic diseases may staphylococcus aureus be involved with?

A

Osteomyelitis
Pneumonia
Arthritis

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12
Q

Which bacteria causes major skin infections such as boils, abscesses, impetigo?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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13
Q

What is the only bacteria which causes “Toxic Shock Syndrome”?

A

Staphylococcus Aureus

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14
Q

Diseases that have a specific name and are usually related to one organism only?

A

Named diseases

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15
Q

Type of disease such as meningitis, gastroenteritis, or pneumonia which can have multiple causes

A

Generic diseases

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16
Q

What are the 5 staphylococcal diseases?

A 
Inflammatory skin lesions
Impetigo
Scalded skin syndrome
Toxic Shock syndrome
Necrotizing fasciitis (most often strep pyo.)
Staphylococcal food poisoning
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17
Q

When you think of necrotizing fasciitis, which bacteria do you think of?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (but it can be staphylococcal too)

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18
Q

Which named disease causes fever, vomiting, diarrhea, sore throat, muscle pain, shock?

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome

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19
Q

What does TSST-1 stand for?

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin #1

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20
Q

What are the two toxins found in the blood associated with Toxic shock syndrome?

A 
Exotoxin c (TSST-1)
Enterotoxin F
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21
Q

What are the symptoms caused by Exotoxin c (TSST-1)? Enterotoxin F?

A

Exotoxin c = Fever, sore throat, generalized rash followed by desquamation of skin, muscle pain

Enterotoxin F = enteric symptoms - vomiting diarrhea

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22
Q

Which bacteria causes scalded skin syndrome?

A

Staphlyloccus aureus

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23
Q

What named disease has the following characteristics?

A

Exfoliation toxin
Top layers of skin peel away
Usually seen in very young children
Resembles a severe sunburn

24
Q

What type of food poisoning is is staphylococcal food poisoning? (Food infection or intoxication)

A

Food intoxication

25
Q

With staphylococcal food poisoning/intoxication, what is “intoxicating” you?

A

Enterotoxin A or D

26
Q

Which bacteria causes food poisoning with the following characteristics: creamy salads, custards, “handled foods” that are not reheated or not heated at all”, may kill the organism but the toxin is heat resistant, incubation is rapid, within minutes, most often 1-2 hours, is dose dependent?

A

Staphylococcus

27
Q

What are the symptoms of staphylococcal food poisoning?

A

Classic and extreme projectile and explosive diarrhea; rapid incubation (minutes to hours), runs its course in 10 hours.

28
Q

What does MRSA stand for?

A

Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

29
Q

What is penicillinase?

A

A beta lab tamale that targets penicillin and a treatment for staphylococcus aureus

30
Q

Which bacteria is gram positive, catalase positive, coagulase negative?

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

31
Q

Which bacteria is opportunistic and has the following characteristics:
Gram positive, cocci, catalase positive, coagulase negative, normal flora on skin and respiratory tract, normally sticks to things but becomes a problem when it sticks to metal and plastic, in dwelling medical devices are at risk (heart valves, catheters, prosthetics) and is life threatening if enters the blood stream?

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

32
Q

What characteristics/procedures (in order) would determine if you have streptococcus?

A 
Gram stain
Shape
Catalase
Hemolysis pattern
Serology
33
Q

Which genus of bacteria has the following characteristics: Gram positive, coccus, catalase negative, normal flora of the respiratory tract, spectated by hemolysis patterns and cell wall carbohydrates?

A

Genus Streptococcus

34
Q

What does streptococcus mean?

A

Beads on a string

35
Q

What is hemolysis?

A

Breakdown of red blood cells

36
Q

What are the three hemolysis patterns?

A

Alpha, beta, gamma

37
Q

Incomplete, green hemolysis

A

Alpha hemolysis

38
Q

Complete hemolysis

A

Beta hemolysis

39
Q

If you had streptococcus pyogenes on a blood agar, what type of hemolysis would you see?

A

Beta hemolysis - complete hemolysis

40
Q

If you saw Streptococcus viridans on a blood agar plate, what type of hemolysis would you see?

A

Alpha hemolysis - green, incomplete

41
Q

What is a Lancefield group?

A

A serological typing agglutination test for a specific antibody
“Group A Strep” “Group B strep”

42
Q

Which bacteria is known as “Group B Strep”?

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

43
Q

Which bacteria is known as “Group A Strep?”

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

44
Q

What do Lancefield Serological Typing identify?

A

Carbohydrates (20+) found in the cell wall of beta and gamma streptococci (alpha streptococci do not have anything unique)

45
Q

Which bacteria has the following characteristics?
Gram positive, Cocci, Group A, Beta hemolysis, bacitracin sensitive, multifactorial, aka “Strep throat”, causes such diseases as: Pharangitis, inflamed skin lesions, impetigo, scarlet fever, necrotizing fasciitis, Rhumatic fever and glomerulonephritis

A

Streptococcus Pyogenes

46
Q

What causes scarlet fever?

A

Erythrogenic toxin released by streptococcus pyogenes

47
Q

What bacteria do you think of FIRST when you think of Impetigo, Scarlet Fever and Necrotizing fasciitis?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

48
Q

What are the 4 bacteria that cause necrotizing fasciitis?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes
Staphylococcus aureus
Vibrio vulnificus
Aeromonas hydrophilia

49
Q

Bacteria which causes necrotizing fasciitis with the following characteristics:
Gram positive, cocci, catalase negative

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

50
Q

Bacteria which causes necrotizing fasciitis with the following characteristics:
Gram positive, cocci, catalase positive

A

Staphylococcus aureus

51
Q

Bacteria which causes necrotizing fasciitis with the following characteristics:
Gram negative, found in gulf costal waters

A

Vibrio vulnificus

52
Q

Bacteria which causes necrotizing fasciitis with the following characteristics:
Gram negative, found in fresh water

A

Aeromonas hydrophilia

53
Q

Which two autoimmune diseases may adults develop if they had streptococcus pyogenes as a child?

A

Rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis

54
Q

Which bacteria is the only one that causes neonatal meningitis?

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

55
Q

How would you tell the top two beta hemolytic streptococci apart?

A

Run Lancefield groupings:

Streptococcus pyogenes = Group A Strep

Streptococcus agalactaiae = Group B Strep

56
Q

What specific conditions would make you consider Streptococcus agalactaiae over Streptococcus Pyogenes?

A

Streptococcus agalactaiae is the only cause of neonatal meningitis and the baby acquires it when passing through an infected birth canal. Streptococcus pyogenies DOES NOT cause meningitis

Microbiology (4 decks)

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