Push factors

Question 1

Effects of agriculture?

Answer 1

Increase in the use of technology in farming leads to migration because of fewer opportunities for people and many lost their jobs.

Question 2

“Black Houses”?

Answer 2

Scots in rural areas lived in black houses, very basic, no protection from weather, stone walls. Many chose to move to cities or towns to take advantage of new tenement housing being built.

Question 3

1846 potato blight?

Answer 3

Wiped out potato crop, led to great highland famine and it also left 150,000 people at risk of starvation. Many were forced to migrate to towns and cities to avoid starvation.

Question 4

Highland clearances?

Answer 4

Landowners such as the Duke of Sutherland used their land for sheep farming, then deer hunting so land had to be cleared of Scots. They were forced to migrate to towns or cities for housing and to earn a living.

Question 5

Penal colonies?

Answer 5

Until 1867, Australia was used as a penal colony by Britain. People who had committed crimes were given transportation punishment, being sent to prison in Australia. At the end of their sentence they would remain in Australia for work and a living, some family even migrated over.