Purity Flashcards
What is a pure substance?
A substance made of only one type of particle, either single element or a compound
When is a substance considered pure?
When it is chemically unaltered and not mixed with any other substance
What happens when a pure substance is changed?
It undergoes a chemical change, forming new substances
How can purity be assessed?
By measuring physical properties, such as boiling points and melting point
How does the boiling point indicate purity?
A pure liquid has a sharp, precise boiling point while an imperial one has a higher and less distinct boiling point
How does the melting point indicate purity?
A pure solid melts at a specific, sharp temperature, while an impaired substance has a lower and broader melting point
What is melting point depression?
When impurities lower the melting point of a substance
What is boiling point elevation?
When impurities increase the boiling point of a substance
What are common purification techniques?
Filtration, crystallization, distillation, and chromatography
What is filtration used for?
Separating solids from liquids in a mixture
What is distillation used for?
Separating liquids based on their boiling points
What is chromatography used for?
Separating components of a dissolved substance
What is crystallization used for?
Obtaining pure solid substances from a solution
Why is purity important in the pharmaceutical industry?
Impurities can affect the effectiveness of drugs
How do impurities affect materials?
They can alter reactivity, hardness, and color
Why is purity important in food and water?
Impurities can cause health problems
