Punnett Square Flashcards
genes
the basic physical and functional unit of heredity
alleles
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
Law of Segregation
each individual that is a diploid has a pair of alleles (copy) for a particular trait
Law of Independent Assortment
the alleles of two (or more) different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another.
Assortment
a miscellaneous collection of things or people.
genotype
the genetic constitution of an individual organism.
phenotype
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
homozygous
having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes.
heterozygous
having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes.
locus
The physical site or location of a specific gene on a chromosome.
dominant
a dominant trait or gene.
recessive
relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant characteristic inherited from one parent.
autosomal
the gene in question is located on one of the numbered, or non-sex, chromosomes
sex-linked
a trait in which a gene is located on a sex chromosome.
dihybrid cross
a mating experiment between two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits
