Punctuation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Full stops

A
  1. END of a sentence.

2. Found after certain ABBREVIATIONS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Commas

A
  1. Separate words/ phrases in a LIST.
  2. Indicates where one phrase/ clause ends, and another begins.
  3. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION placed between commas.
  4. Before and after words like HOWEVER AND NEVERTHELESS.
  5. INTRODUCTORY WORDS OR PHRASES separated from rest of sentence by a comma.
  6. COMMA SPLICE ERROR comma between two main clauses.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Semi- colons (;)

A
  1. BALANCES two equally important, related or parallel ideas.
  2. Indicates OPPOSITE IDEAS.
  3. Joins 2 MAIN CLAUSES where there is no conjunction.
  4. Can be replaced by a FULL STOP or by the conjunctions: AND, BUT, SO , FAR, ALTHOUGH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Colons (:)

A
  1. Indicates a LIST, EXPLANATION or IDEA is following.
  2. Introduces a QUOTE
  3. In DIALOGUES ( follows the speaker)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Question marks(?)

A
  1. Occurs at the end of a QUESTION.

2. RHETORICAL QUESTIONS end in question marks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Exclamation marks (!)

A
  1. Follows EXCLAMATIONS or INTERJECTIONS (ouch!)
  2. Accentuate and strengthen the TONE of a statement.
  3. Used after sentences/ phrases containing EMOTIONS such as ANGER, FEAR, HAPPINESS, ANXIETY, SHOCK and MISERY.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Quotation marks (“ “)

A
  1. Indicate DIRECT SPEECH.
  2. QUOTE someone else’s words.
  3. Single QUOTATION MARKS used to indicate TITLE, can also be UNDERLINED.
  4. To excuse oneself for using SLANG OR FOREIGN WORDS.
  5. indicates METAPHORIC USAGE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Parenthesis brackets ( )

A
  1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

2. Can use COMMAS or DASHES instead of brackets.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Capital Letter

A
  1. Sentences always START with capital letters.
  2. PROPER NOUNS and PROPER ADJECTIVES need capital letters.
  3. The main words in TITLES.
  4. First word in DIRECT SPEECH.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hyphen (-)

A
  1. LINKS prefixes to words, or links two words together to form COMPOUND WORDS
  2. It helps to DIFFERENTIATE MEANINGS
  3. In order to facilitate SPELLINGS and PRONUNCIATION (if a prefix ends in a vowel and the word after it begins with the same vowel).
  4. Words which cannot be completed in one line are LINKED with a hyphen.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dash (—)

[Longer line than hyphen]

A
  1. Same purpose as comma— separates parts of a sentence and forces us to pause.
  2. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION can be given by the dash in the same way as commas or brackets.
  3. It separates a COMMENT or AFTERTHOUGHT from the rest of the sentence.
  4. Creates a dramatic pause, leading to the CLIMAX or ANTI-CLIMAX
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bullets (•)

A
  1. MODERN COMMUNICATION, word processors, email and Internet has lead to the popular use of bullet formats.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ellipses (…)

A
  1. 3 ellipses dots indicate that a sentence is INCOMPLETE or that something has been omitted.
  2. Can GUESS the meaning from the context of the sentence.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Italics (sloped writing)

A
  1. Used to HIGHLIGHT and emphasize certain words or phrases such as TITLES or FOREIGN WORDS.
  2. Italics is popular in COMPUTER EDITING.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly