Pulomonary Embolus Flashcards
1
Q
What anatomical structures are affected?
A
All lung lobes.
Right and left pulmonary arteries with branches.
These arteries are blocked. Deep veins can also be blocked
2
Q
How does this affect the body?
A
Reduced blood flow to alveoli/lungs. Causes low blood oxygen.
3
Q
What prior events cause this?
A
DVT
Immobile
Valsalva manoeuvre - tryinf to breathe out during defecation may trigger an embolism.
4
Q
Symptoms
A
Dyspnoea Tachypnoea Chest pain (pleuritic) worsened by breathing Cough Hemoptysis Sudden death.
5
Q
Clinical signs
A
Cyanosis
Collapse
Circulatory instability due to decr blood flow
Pleural friction rub - hear an object being rubbed
Pleural effusion
Strain on the right ventricle
Incr jugular venous pressure (seen in neck)
6
Q
Test results m?
A
Hypoxaemia
CT shows blood clot in pulmonary artery
7
Q
How to treat?
A
Give oxygen
Give thrombolytic drugs via an IV
Anticoagulants
