Pulmonary Phys Exam

Question 1

Stridor represents pathology in _____.

Answer 1

the upper airway

Question 2

What causes resonance to percussion?

Answer 2

increased air in the lung

Question 3

______ and _______ breath sounds are abnormal when heard over the peripheral lung tissue.

Answer 3

Bronchovesicular; bronchial

Question 4

Normal breath sounds are called vesicular, meaning _______.

Answer 4

soft and low pitched

Question 5

These breath sounds are high pitched and ordinarily heard over the trachea.

Answer 5

bronchial

Question 6

Breath sounds that are soft and low pitched (vesicular) are ______.

Answer 6

normal

Question 7

What can cause decreased fremitus?

Answer 7

• excess air in the lungs (emphysema, pneumothorax)
• fluid in the pleural space (pleural effusion)
• atelectasis due to an obstructed bronchus

Question 8

Bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds heard in the peripheral lung suggest _______.

Answer 8

the replacement of air-filled lung with solid tissue or fluid

Question 9

______ typically occurs due to laryngeal pathology such as laryngospasm or laryngeal edema, subglottic stenosis, or vocal cord dysfunction.

Answer 9

Inspiratory stridor

Question 10

______ typically represents central airway obstruction within the thorax, such as a tumor obstructing the trachea.

Answer 10

Expiratory stridor

Question 11

These are the palpable vibrations transmitted through the bronchopulmonary tree to the chest wall when the patient speaks.

Answer 11

Fremitus

Question 12

Bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds are abnormal when ______.

Answer 12

heard over the peripheral lung tissue

Question 13

How do you test for egophany?

Answer 13

have the pt say EEEE but listen for it to change to AAAA while auscultating

Question 14

What causes crackles/rales?

Answer 14

disruptive airflow through the small airways; discontinuous and usu with inspiration

Question 15

What are bronchial breath sounds?

Answer 15

high pitched and ordinarily heard over the trachea

Question 16

What are rhonchi?

Answer 16

rumbling (or snoring) sounds that are more continuous

Question 17

What causes the trachea to be pushed away from one side?

Answer 17

• large pleural effusion
• tension pneumothorax

Question 18

Bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds are ______ when heard over the peripheral lung tissue.

Answer 18

abnormal

Question 19

Expiratory stridor typically represents ______ within the thorax, such as ______.

Answer 19

central airway obstruction; a tumor obstructing the trachea

Question 20

What are musical sounds typically audible without a stethoscope and can be either inspiratory or expiratory?

Answer 20

stridor

Question 21

This breath sound is moderate in pitch and intensity, heard during inspiration, over the major bronchi.

Answer 21

bronchovesicular

Question 22

Dullness to percussion can indicate what problems?

Answer 22

• large pleural effusions
• lobar pneumonia
• areas of atelectasis

Question 23

What is stridor?

Answer 23

musical sounds typically audible without a stethoscope and can be either inspiratory or expiratory

Question 24

Post-operative atelectasis usually presents as ______.

Answer 24

bronchovesicular and bronchial breath sounds over the lower lobes

Question 25

What causes dullness to percussion?

Answer 25

when fluid or solid tissue replaces air-containing lung or occupies the pleural space beneath your percussing fingers

Question 26

What causes egophany?

Answer 26

areas of compressed or fluid filled areas of the lung

Question 27

What is Fremitus?

Answer 27

the palpable vibrations transmitted through the bronchopulmonary tree to the chest wall when the patient speaks

Question 28

What are bronchovesicular breath sounds?

Answer 28

moderate in pitch and intensity, heard during inspiration, over the major bronchi

Question 29

Stridor = ?

Answer 29

an emergency

Question 30

What causes the trachea to be pulled towards one side?

Answer 30

• volume loss due to focal scarring/fibrosis
• atelectasis

Question 31

Pneumonia will have _____ breath sounds.

Answer 31

bronchial breath sounds with dullness, egophony, and crackles

Question 32

What sounds is made by air passing through an airway partially obstructed by mucous or secretions?

Answer 32

rhonchi

Question 33

What is another name for crackles?

Answer 33

rales

Question 34

What is atelectasis?

Answer 34

lung collapse

Question 35

What diseases are associated with crackles/rales?

Answer 35

• pulmonary edema
• pneumonia
• interstitial lung disease

Question 36

What causes rhonchi?

Answer 36

passage of air through an airway partially obstructed by mucous or secretions

Question 37

Normal breath sounds are called _____, meaning soft and low pitched.

Answer 37

vesicular

Question 38

What can cause increased fremitus?

Answer 38

consolidation in the lung

Question 39

What disease is associated with egophany?

Answer 39

pneumonia

Question 40

What is another name for rales?

Answer 40

crackles

Question 41

An obstructing lesion in the bronchus would have ______ breath sounds.

Answer 41

dullness and absent

Question 42

Inspiratory stridor typically occurs due to laryngeal pathology such as _____, _____, _____, or ______.

Answer 42

laryngospasm, laryngeal edema, subglottic stenosis, or vocal cord dysfunction