Pulmonary Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

Most common form of atelectasis

A

Obstructive/ resorptive atelectasis

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2
Q

Most common cause of uniform mediastinal widening on frontal radiographs

A

Mediastinal lipomatosis

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3
Q

Most common thoracic inlet mass seen in older patients

A

Tortuous arterial structure

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4
Q

Most common benign mediastinal germ cell tumor

A

Teratoma

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5
Q

Most common malignant germ cell tumor

A

Seminoma

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6
Q

Most common cause of chronic fibrosing (sclerosing) mediastinitis

A

Granulomatous infection

Secondary to Histoplasma capsulatum

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7
Q

Most common chest radiographic finding of acute mediastinitis

A

Widening of the mediastinum

Pleural effusion

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8
Q

Most commonly affected structure in chronic fibrosing mediastinitis

A

Superior vena cava

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9
Q

Most common cause of mediastinal hemorrhage

A

Injury to mediastinal vessels resulting from blunt or penetrating thoracic trauma

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10
Q

Most common source of pneumomediastinum

A

Air in the lungs

Alveolar rupture

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11
Q

Viral infections most commonly associated with hilar lymph node enlargement

A

Infectious mononucleosis

Measles pneumonia

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12
Q

Most common cause of small hilum

A

Atelectasis and resection of a portion of lung

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13
Q

Most common form of pulmonary edema

A

Hydrostatic pulmonary edema

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14
Q

Most common type of lung cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma

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15
Q

Most common cause of SVC syndrome

A

Lung cancer

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16
Q

Most common primary tracheal malignancy

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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17
Q

Most common types of thyroid malignancy to invade the trachea

A

Papillary and follicular carcinomas

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18
Q

Most common manifestation of hematogeneous metastases to the lung

A

Pulmonary nodules

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19
Q

Most common pattern of pulmonary infectious disease

A

Bronchopneumonia

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20
Q

Most commonly isolated bacteria in patients with pneumonia who require hospitalization

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

21
Q

Most common infectious agent in patients with COPD, alcoholism, DM, and those with anatomic or functional splenectomy

A

Haemophilus influenza

22
Q

Most common atypical pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma

23
Q

Most common organism of atypical myocobaterium infection

A

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare or Mycobacterium kansasii

24
Q

Most common viral pneumonia

A

Influenza

25
Q

Most common complication of pneumonia

A

Parapneumonic effusion

26
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in immunocompromised host

A

Bacterial pneumonia

27
Q

Most common fungal infection in AIDS population

A

Cryptococcosis

28
Q

Most common AIDS-defining opportunistic infection

A

Pneumocystis jirovevi pneumonia

29
Q

Most common form of injury in tracheal trauma?

A

Horizontal laceration or transection parallel to the cartilage

30
Q

Most common type of empysema

A

Centrilobular

31
Q

Most common condition to produce a transudative pleural effusion

A

Congestive heart failure

32
Q

Most common intrathoracic manifestation of rhematoid arthritis

A

Pleural effusion

33
Q

Most common cause of pneumothorax

A

Trauma

34
Q

Most common cause of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

35
Q

Most common connective tissue disease that causes pneumothorax

A

Marfan syndrome

36
Q

Most common cause of localized pleural thickening

A

Pneumonia

37
Q

Most common manifestation of asbestos inhalation

A

Pleural plaques

38
Q

Most common benign neoplasm of the chest wall

A

Lipoma

39
Q

Most common primary malignant neoplasm of the chest wall

A

Fibrosarcoma

Liposarcoma

40
Q

Most common congenital anomaly of the rib

A

Bony fusion or bifid ribs

41
Q

Most common cause of bilateral inferior rib notching

A

Coarctation of the aorta distal to the origin of left subclavian artery

42
Q

Most common condition associated with superior rib notching

A

Paralysis

43
Q

Most common involvement by monostotic fibrous dysplasia

A

Ribs

44
Q

Most common benign neoplasms of ribs

A

Osteochondroma

Followed by enchondroma and osteoblastoma

45
Q

Most common primary rib malignancy

A

Chondrosarcoma

Followed by osteogenic sarcoma and fibrosarcoma

46
Q

Most common sternal abnormality

A

Prior median sternotomy

47
Q

Most common nonvascular cause of inferior rib notching

A

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Multiple intercostal neurofibromas

48
Q

Most common type of diaphragmatic hernia

A

Esophageal hiatal hernia