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CMC 1 > PULMONARY EXAM > Flashcards

PULMONARY EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

What causes dyspnea?

A
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2
Q

Questions to ask about sputum

A

quantity
quality (Color)
consistency
blood (hemoptysis)

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3
Q

What are 4 points to ask about with wheezing?

A

positional
activities
environment
response to inhalers

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4
Q

What are 4 more pulmonary history-taking questions?

A

Childhood - exposures, sickness frequency
Smoking - tobacco, vaping, marijuana
Exposures: occupational, smoke, vapors, gases, dust, fumes, birds, mold
Family hx - many genetic pulm diseases

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5
Q

What are ROS questions w/ pulmonary history-taking?

A
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6
Q

What are 6 pulm-focused ROS questions?

A
  1. SOB (dyspnea)
  2. cough
  3. hemoptysis
  4. wheezing
  5. chest tightness or pain
  6. sleep breathing - gasping, waking, apnea, snoring
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7
Q

What are 4 parts of the exam?

A
  1. inspect
  2. palpate
  3. auscultate
  4. percussion
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8
Q

What is splinting? When might it happen?

A

Pt takes in a deep breath and stops during intake due to pain
-pleural inflammation
-broken rib

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9
Q

What causes clubbing? Was diseases can be it associated with?

A

Hypoxemia.
Lung cancer, interstitial lung disease, CF, TB, lymphoma, endocarditis, cyanotic congenital heart disease

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10
Q

What is pursed lip breathing associated with?

A

COPD to help maintain pressure in the airways and exhale CO2 adequately

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11
Q

What are 5 different abnormal chest positions to look for?

A
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12
Q

What are the pulmonary auscultation sites?

A
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13
Q

What are the 4 normal breath sounds?

A
  1. vesicular
  2. bronchovesicular
  3. bronchial
  4. tracheal
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14
Q

When are crackles (rales) commonly heard?

A

During inspiration
pulmonary fibrosis
pulmonary edema
pneumonia

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15
Q

When is wheezing heard?

A

Air flow through narrowed bronchi
asthma

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16
Q

When are rhonchi breath sounds heard?

A

gurgling wheeze
suggests secretions in large airways
COPD

17
Q

What is stridor and when is it heard?

A

Loud high-pitched wheeze, mostly inspiratory
Partial obstruction of larynx or trachea
Croup, tracheitis

18
Q

What is pleural rub and when is it heard?

A

Inflammed, roughened pleura
creaking or grating - footsteps in snow
Pleuritis, pneumonia w/ effusion

19
Q

How many sites do you percuss?

A

3 sites bilaterally (6 total)

20
Q

What are 3 different percussion sounds? What do they imply?

A

Resonant - air/empty space -> low pitched, hollow sounds

CMC 1 (1 decks)

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