Pulmonary diseases Flashcards
What causes inspiratory wheezes?
URT problems - larynx, trachea
What causes expiratory wheezes?
LRT problems - dynamic airway collapse, asthma
If an animal with cyanosis due to cardiac disease doesn’t respond to oxygen, what is likely to be the underlying pathology?
R-L shunt
How is Angiostrongylus vasorum (lungworm) diagnosed?
Faecal Baermann’s test
Direct microscopy
Antigen detection - Angiodetect IDEXX
Can you FNA lung masses?
Only if near chest wall
If not - risk of pneumothora
What lung tumour in cats can metastasise to the digits?
Bronchogenic carcinoma
What is the treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? ‘Westie Lung’
No treatment -management only
Oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, steroids, ABs only if 2o infection
Exercise and environmental management
Which herbicide is a severe pneumotoxin that leads to severe pulmonary fibrosis, with a hopeless prognosis?
Paraquat
Pulmonary thromboembolism is usually secondary to underlying systemic disease, that isn’t cardiac related. Give examples of conditions that can lead to PTE
IMHA Protein losing conditons Cushing's Pancreatitis Sepsis DIC
How do animals with PTE present? What do you hear on auscultation?
Sudden onset of dyspnoea
NO adventitious lung sounds
May have loud sounding S2 (pulmonary hypertension)
How are PTEs treated?
Oxygen therapy
Sedation/anxiolytics
Anti-coagulants
Anti-platelet medication - clopidogrel, low dose aspirin
Give examples of what may cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema)
Electrocution Smoke inhalation Near drowning Trauma Pneumonia, sepsis, DIC
Are pulmonary osteomas or pleural plaques a significant finding?
No - often incidental
