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xD3 Med Mgmt Ex1 > Pulmonary (Abubaker) > Flashcards

Pulmonary (Abubaker) Flashcards

1
Q

What are 2 types of pulmonary diseases based on location in the airway?

A
  1. Upper respiratory disease

2. Lower respiratory disease

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2
Q

What are 7 examples of upper respiratory disease?

A
  1. Common cold
  2. Influenza
  3. Pharyngitis
  4. Acute bronchitis
  5. Herpangina
  6. Tracheobronchitis
  7. Acute obstructive laryngeobronchitis
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3
Q

What is the significance of upper respiratory disease to the dentist?

A

Spread and transmission of the disease

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4
Q

What is the significance of upper respiratory disease to the patient?

A

Breathing during treatment

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5
Q

What are 3 general categories of lower respiratory disease?

A
  1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
  2. Granulomatous disease
  3. Restrictive pulmonary disease (occupational)
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6
Q

What are 3 types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (lower respiratory disease)?

A
  1. Bronchial Asthma
  2. Chronic bronchitis
  3. Emphysema
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7
Q

What are 2 types of granulomatous diseases (lower respiratory disease)?

A
  1. Tuberculosis

2. Sarcoidosis

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8
Q

What are 3 types of restrictive pulmonary disease (lower respiratory disease)?

A
  1. Pulmonary fibrosis
  2. Mesothelioma
  3. Black lung
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9
Q

What disease includes irreversible obstruction of the airflow from the lungs?

A

COPD

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10
Q

What is different between the 2 types of COPD: chronic bronchitis and emphysema?

A

The mechanism of obstruction of airflow from the lungs (bronchitis deals with bronchus, emphysema is the alveoli)

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11
Q

What is the character of the alveoli of emphysema?

A

Weakened, collapsed with excess mucous

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12
Q

What is the character of the bronchus of Chronic Bronchitis COPD?

A

The bronchus lining is thickened with increased mucous

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of a patient with Chronic Bronchitis COPD?

A 
50 years old
Overweight
Chronic productive cough with mucopurulent sputum
Mild dyspnea
Hypoxic
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14
Q

What is the nickname for someone with Chronic Bronchitis COPD?

A

Blue bloater

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15
Q

What are the physical characteristics of someone with emphysema?

A

60 years old
Thin, barrel-chested
No cough or sputum
Severe dyspnea

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16
Q

What is the nickname for a patient with emphysema COPD?

A

Pink puffers

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17
Q

What are the hematocrit, PCO2 and PO2 for Chronic Bronchitis COPD?

A

Hematocrit elevated
PCO2 is decreased
PO2 is decreased (hypoxic)

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18
Q

What are the hematocrit, PCO2 and PO2 for emphysema?

A

Hematocrit normal
PCO2 is normal
PO2 is decreased
Note: Emphysema is oxygen-driven so expect low O2

19
Q

What is contraindicated in emphysema?

20
Q

If giving oxygen to a COPD patient (chronic bronchitis or emphysema) is the flow normal (5L/min) or low (2-4L/min)?

A

Low (2-4L/min)

21
Q

Which COPD patient is more prone to respiratory infections?

A

Chronic bronchitis COPD

22
Q

What is a recerurrent episodic inflammatory respiratory disease triggered by multiple stimuli, resulting in dyspnea, wheezing, and coughing?

A

Bronchial asthma

23
Q

What are 2 types of bronchial asthma?

A
  1. Intrinsic

2. Extrinsic (allergi or atopic)

24
Q

Intrinsic bronchial asthma is most common in what gender? It is induced by what stimulit?

A
  1. Adult female

2. Drug-induced, exercise, infection

25
Extrinsic bronchial asthma is most common in what demographic?
Children and males with family history
26
What drugs could set off extrinsic asthma?
NSAIDs, beta and adrenergic blockers
27
What is the character of the expiration in asthma attack: long or short expiration?
Long
28
What occurs at the end of an asthma attack?
Productive cough
29
What are the 4 classes of drugs used to manage bronchial asthma?
1. Antiinflammatories: steroids and NSAIDs 2. Beta adrenergic bronchodilators 3. Methyxanthines 4. Anticholinergic bronchodilators
30
What is an oral manifestation for anesthetizing an asthmatic?
Preservative for EPI in local could cause an allergic reaciont?
31
What antibiotic is contraindicated in an asthmatic that is taking theophylline (brand name Aerolate) because it can increase theophylline levels in the patient?
Erythromycin
32
What is the emergency treatment of acute asthmatic attack should the patient's inhaler not work?
Subcutaneous injection of 0.3-0.5mL of 1:100 EPI
33
What are the signs of Tb (mycobacterium tuberculosis infection active)?
1. Malaise 2. Weight loss 3. Night sweats 4. Fever at night 5. Persistent non-purulent cough 6. Oral manifestations (lymphadenopathy, osteomyelitis, ulcers)
34
When can a patient with active Tb be treated?
Only after 2-3 weeks of Tb treatment, prior to this, only treat for urgent care, then only with MD consult, in a hospital and strict use of the handpiece
35
What is the protocol for a patient with history of Tb, but not active?
Consult with MD and ensure the patient is disease-free
36
What is the protocol for a patient with a positive Tb skin test
Rule out active disease by MD, then treat as normal
37
What should be the treatment of a patient taking one anti-Tb agent for positive skin test and negative chest X-ray?
Treat as normal
38
What is the protocol for a patient with symptoms of Tb?
Refer to MD, only do urgent care; same as for active Tb patient
39
If the patient is taking Rifampin to treat Tb, what can be expected with dental treatment?
1. Increased infection risk 2. Delayed healing 3. Gingival bleeding
40
If a patient is taking an isoniazide (INH) for Tb treatment, what 2 drugs are contraindicated?
1. Acetominophen | 2. Valium
41
If a patient taking Streptomycin or Amikacin, what drug is contraindicated?
Aspirin
42
What drug will stay around longer if the patient is taking Rifampin for Tb treatment?
Diazepam (Valium)
43
A sarcoidosis patient will present with what complaint?
Dry mouth
44
What is the treatment for a patient with sarcoidosis?
Long-term steroid use

xD3 Med Mgmt Ex1 (6 decks)

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