Pulmonary Flashcards
What is V/Q ratio
v= ventalation
Q = perfusion
- = 0.8
what happens when it is greater than 0.8
- perfusion is decrease ( deadspace)
what happens if the ration is less than 0.8
- ventilation is decrease ( shunting)
functional residual capacity
reamaining air left in lungs after norm exhale
incentive spirometer
- tool to measure how much air inhaled
- nice and slow sucking air in
air trapping
air in the lungs stuck
bronchospasms
narrow airway of lumen due to smooth muscle contraction of bronchiole walls
consolidation
common w/ infection or tissue replace aveolar air
hyperinflation
overinflated lungs
hypoxemia
- dcerease of o2 in the blood
hypoxia
decrease of o2 in the tissue
respirtory distress
- respiratory muscle tired ( can go into possible failure )
nasal cannula
-1-6 Ipm
-25-44%
salter high flow nasal cannula
- up to 15ipm
- 54-75%
high flow nasal cannula
- up to 60 ipm
- 100% FiO2
partial rebreather mask
-6- 10 ipm
- 60-80% FiO2
non rebreather
- 10-15 ipm
- 60-80% FiO2
bronchiectasis
makes lungs vulnerable for infection due to widening of it and a build up of mucus production
Empyema
pus in pleural cavity
glucocorticoids
-can cause inflammation
antihistamines
- sedation , tired, blurred vision , incoordination
bronchodilators
dry mouth, hypokalemia, tachycardia, tremors
leukotriene and mast cell stabilizers
- well tolerated help to improve breathing
nebulizer tx
- let them finish the tx
- usually 15- 20 mins
Goals of Pt tx
- inceraes mobility
- get max gas exchange
- increaes aerobic
- increaes endurance
- educate pt
What is the best position for pt with pulmonary problems
- upright and moving
improve endurance, strength / func
- 2mwt or 6 mwt
- sit to stands 5x
- sit to stands 30 sec
- mod borg
What other techniques/ tools could help pulm pt
- PLB
- incentive spirometer
- postural drainage technique
- suctioning
What is something we want to promote pulm pt to do
- cough to release some of the mucus in airway to make it clear
energy conservation
- do activity just w/ little movement
