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Pulmo > Pulmo > Flashcards

Pulmo Flashcards

1
Q

Beneficial in reducing the burden of hospitalization because of pneumonia

A

Breastfeeding

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2
Q

MC congenital anomaly of nose

A

Choanal atresia

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3
Q

MC type of congenital midline nasal mass

A

Encephalocele

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4
Q

Unilateral nasal discharge and obstruction should suggest

A

Foreign Body

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5
Q

Deep red mucosa with subglottic swelling and subglottic narrowing or steeple sign in radiograph

A

Laryngotracheobronchitis

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6
Q

Nasal polyps commonly arise from the

A

Ethmoidal sinus

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7
Q

MC childhood cause of nasal polyposis

A

Cystic Fibrosis

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8
Q

Antibiotic that has a significant effect on the size of polyps, nasal symptoms and mucosal and systemic markers of inflammation

A

Doxycycline

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9
Q

MC cause of common colds

A

Rhinovirus

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10
Q

May be given to patients with common colds within 24 hrs of onset to lessen the severity of symptoms

A

Zinc

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11
Q

Symptom that comes first before rhinorrhea in common colds

A

Sore throat

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12
Q

To reduce rhinorrhea in common colds, this anti-histamine maybe prescribed

A

Diphenhydramine

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13
Q

MC complication of cold

A

Acute Otitis Media

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14
Q

Sinus pneumatised at 4 yrs old

A

Maxillary

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15
Q

Only accurate method of diagnosis of sinusitis

A

Sinus aspirate culture

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16
Q

Acute Streptococcal Pharungitis is treated with

A

BPG 600,000 units once

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17
Q

An upper airway obstruction that may have an afebrile state nontoxic with barking cough and stridor

A

Spasmodic Croup

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18
Q

Tonsillectomy is indicated in patients with recurrent GAS pharyngitis, interval must at least be

A

=/> 7x in the previous year or =/> 5 in each of the preceding 2yr or =/> 3 in each of the previous 3 yr

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19
Q

The typical presentation is that of a previously healthy adolescent or young adult with a history of recent pharyngitis who becomes acutely ill with fever, hypoxia, tachypnea, and respiratory distress

A

Lemierre disease

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20
Q

Single aggregation of lymphoid tissue that occupies the space between the nasal septum and the posterior pharyngeal wall

A

Adenoids

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21
Q

Most episodes of ATP is caused by

A

Virus

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22
Q

The rapid unilateral enlargement of a tonsil, esp if accompanied by systemic signs of night sweats, fever, weight loss, and lymphadenopathy, is highly suggestive of a

A

Tonsillar malignancy

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23
Q

MC cause of recurrent cough in children

A

Reactive airway disease

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24
Q

A cough that lasted for weeks with harsh, honking, or barking quality that disappears with sleep or with distraction

A

Habit cough

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25
Q

Cherry epiglottis and arytenoepiglottic swelling and thumb sign

A

Epiglottitis

26
Q

Causes recurrent stridor in children

A

Croup

27
Q

MC cause of laryngotracheobronchitis

A

Parainfluenza

28
Q

MC cause of bacterial tracheitis

A

Staphylococcus aureus

29
Q

MC cause of acute epiglottitis

A

H influenza

30
Q

Infectious airway obstruction may be toxic with high grade fever, brassy cough, stridor, hoarseness, neck pain with no drooling and dysphagia

A

Bacterial Tracheitis

31
Q

MC congenital laryngeal anomaly

A

Laryngomalacia

32
Q

MC cause of stridor in infants and children

A

Laryngomalacia

33
Q

Most serious complication of foreign body aspiration

A

Complete obstruction of the airway

34
Q

MC of airway obstruction requiring tracheostomy in infants

A

Laryngotracheal stenosis

35
Q

MC cause of chronic hoarseness in children

A

Vocal nodules

36
Q

MC respiratory tract neoplasm in children

A

Papillomas

37
Q

Bronchiolitis obliterans often occur in children after respiratory infection caused by

A

Adenovirus

38
Q

Consists of hamartomatous or dysplastic lung tissue mixed with more normal lung, generally confined to 1 lobe

A

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation

39
Q

Pathophysiology of Pulmonary edema

A

Inc. pulmonary capillary pressure, Inc. capillary permeability, Lymphatic insufficiency

40
Q

Leading cause of death globally among children younger than 5 yr, accounting for an estimated 1.2M deaths annually

A

Pneumonia

41
Q

MC cause of pneumonia in neonates less than 3 weeks

A

GBS

42
Q

MC cause of pneumonia in 3 weeks to 3 mos old

A

RSV

43
Q

Cause of interstitial pneumonia with necrosis of the tracheobronchial mucosa, formation of large amount of exudate, edema, and local hemorrhage with extension into the interalveolar septa and involvement of lymphatic vessels and inc likelihood of pleural involvement

A

Group A streptococcus

44
Q

Most consistent manifestation of pneumonia

A

Tachypnea

45
Q

Clinical manifestation of lower lobe pneumonia

A

Abdominal pain

46
Q

MC complaints of in patients with bronchiectasis

A

Cough and production of copious purulent sputum

47
Q

Major cause of severe chronic lung disease in children

A

Cystic Fibrosis

48
Q

Is the incomplete expansion or complete collapse of airbearing tissue, resulting from obstruction of air intake into the alveolar sacs

A

Atelectasis

49
Q

Organism that may cause multiple areas of atelectasis

A

RSV

50
Q

MC cause of pleural effusion in children

A

Bacterial Pneumonia

51
Q

Aim of empyema treatment

A

to sterilize pleural fluid to restore normal lung function

52
Q

Treatment of Empyema

A

systematic antibiotics, thoracentesis, chest tube drainage initially with a fibrinolytic agent and VATS

53
Q

Patient presented initially with this symptoms may be evaluated for possible presence of pneumonia

A

Cough and respiratory difficulty

54
Q

Pneumonia may be considered if any of the ff positive predictors of radiographic pneumonia is present

A

Tachypnea, Chest wall retractions in a patient aged 3 mos to 5 yrs and Fever, wheezing, dec BS, nasal flaring, cyanosis, crackles or localized chest findings at any age

55
Q

CXR may be requested to determine the presence of pneumonia in these situations

A

Dehydration in px aged 3mos to 5 yrs and high index of clinical suspicion

56
Q

May be requested at initial site of care for pneumonia

A

Gram stain

57
Q

For PCAP C and PCAP D, the following diagnostic aids may be requested at the initial site of care

A

ABGs, CRP and Chest UTZ

58
Q

Predictive marker for mortality

A

pH in ABG fro metabolic acidosis

59
Q

Antiviral therapy for suspected or laboratory confirmed influenza virus causing pneumonia to reduce time of symptoms resolution

A

Oseltamivir

60
Q

Clinical stability for PCAP A and PCAP B may be assessed within 24-48 hrs after consultation if

A

cough has improved or body temp has returned to normal

61
Q

How many hours will you monitor px diagnosed with PCAP A and PCAP B for response to current treatment

A

24 hours

Pulmo (1 decks)

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