Puemoniae

Question 1

accounts for 80% of cases, presents acutely, with a high fever with rust coloured sputum, with chest pain and herpes labialis (cold sores)

Answer 1

streptococcus (pneumococcus) pneumoniae

Question 2

who is likely to catch streptococcal pneumonia?

Answer 2

HIV suffers
women
diabetics 
COPD
heavy drinkers

Question 3

who is likely to catch haemophilus influenzae?

Answer 3

patients suffering with COPD

Question 4

usually occurs after an haemophilia infection, can present with regular pneumonia symptoms along with an erthyma (rash)

Answer 4

staphylococcus aureus

Question 5

present with a mild fever - only a dry cough, with atypical chest signs/CXR
autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (spontaneous breakdown of red blood cells) and erythema multiforme (bad skin rash)

Answer 5

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 6

often caught from steam from rarely used water pipes in foreign countries.
can present neurological problems, as well as an upset stomach.
deranged liver enzymes and elevated creation kinase are also symptoms.
presents with lymphopaenia (low levels of lymphocytes) and hyponatraemia (low sodium in the blood)
diagnosed by a urinary antigen
treatment - erythromycin

Answer 6

legionella pneumophilia

Question 7

common in alcoholics/diabetics as they aspirate their vomit
red jelly like sputum
more commonly affects the upper lobes and

Answer 7

klebsiella pneumonia

Question 8

common in people who keep birds as pets

relatively mild illness (chest pain etc) that may present as a urinary tract infection

Answer 8

chlamydia psittaci

Question 9

most common in pregnant women and infants (infants do not become ill for 3 weeks)
generally relatively mild symptoms

Answer 9

Chlamydophila trachomitis

Question 10

typically seen with patients that have HIV
present with a dry cough, exercise-induced desaturations and the absence of chest signs

treatment -
co-trimoxazole/steriod is hypoxic

Answer 10

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 11

what is the management of a patient with pneumonia?

Answer 11

antibiotics - to treat the underlying infection

supportive care: oxygen therapy if the patient hyperaemic, IV fluids if the patient is hypotensive or shows dehydration

Question 12

what is the CURB-65 score?

Answer 12

C - confusion
U - urea > 7mmol/L
R - resp rate >= 30/min
B - BP S-90mmHg/ D-60mmHg
65 > aged above 65