PUD

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action of PPIs?

Answer 1

Inhibit H+K+ ATPase.

Example: Omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole

Question 2

Name a common side effect of omeprazole.

Answer 2

Nausea.

Example: Omeprazole

Question 3

What condition is esomeprazole primarily used to treat?

Answer 3

GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease).

Example: Esomeprazole

Question 4

What is a side effect associated with long-term use of PPIs?

Answer 4

Vitamin B12 deficiency.

Example: PPIs

Question 5

What is the primary action of H2 antagonists?

Answer 5

Block H2 receptors to reduce gastric acid secretion.

Example: Ranitidine, famotidine

Question 6

Name an H2 antagonist that is commonly used.

Answer 6

Ranitidine.

Example: Ranitidine

Question 7

What is a common side effect of famotidine?

Answer 7

Diarrhea.

Example: Famotidine

Question 8

What unique side effect is associated with cimetidine?

Answer 8

Gynecomastia.

Example: Cimetidine

Question 9

What is the primary purpose of antacids?

Answer 9

Neutralize gastric acid.

Example: Aluminium Hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide

Question 10

Which antacid can cause constipation?

Answer 10

Aluminium Hydroxide.

Example: Aluminium Hydroxide

Question 11

What is a potential side effect of magnesium hydroxide?

Answer 11

Diarrhea.

Example: Magnesium hydroxide

Question 12

Name a mucosal protectant used in ulcer treatment.

Answer 12

Sucralfate.

Example: Sucralfate

Question 13

What does bismuth subsalicylate do?

Answer 13

Provides mucosal protection and treats diarrhea.

Example: Bismuth subsalicylate

Question 14

What is misoprostol used for?

Answer 14

Prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers.

Example: Misoprostol

Question 15

What is a common side effect of misoprostol?

Answer 15

Diarrhea.

Example: Misoprostol

Question 16

Which drug class is most effective for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?

Answer 16

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs).

Example: PPIs

Question 17

Why should cimetidine be used with caution?

Answer 17

It has significant drug interactions due to CYP450 inhibition.

Example: Cimetidine

Question 18

What is the main therapeutic use of sucralfate?

Answer 18

To create a protective barrier over ulcers.

Example: Sucralfate

Question 19

Which drug can cause black stools?

Answer 19

Bismuth subsalicylate.

Example: Bismuth subsalicylate

Question 20

What lifestyle modification can help manage GERD symptoms?

Answer 20

Avoid lying down after meals.

Example: Lifestyle modification