Publicly Funded Intervention for Children Flashcards
What are parts A & B in the EHA?
Part A - general regulations
Part B - Specific rules for age 5 - 21
What is the Education of the Handicapped Act (EHA) of 1975?
Precursor to IDEA, provided all children with a FAPE in the LRE
Ages 5-21
Due Process - fairness in legal matters, following procedures, etc.
- You have a right to recourse if process is not followed
What were the 1986 EHA Amendments?
Ages 3 - 21 (part B)
Services for ages 0 - 2 (part H)
Incentives for states to develop 0 - 3 care, but not mandated**
What is IDEA (1990)?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Part C - Early intervention (0-3)
Incentives for EI increased
Focus on prevention, rather than remediation
Includes transitions and AT
What is the 1997 IDEA amendment?
Focused on transition services from high school to adult living
IEP’s must include transition plans or procedures for identifying appropriate employment
When should post-school adult living objectives transition planning begin?
Age 14
Who is eligible for an EI evaluation?
Any child suspected of delay or disability
Who can refer a child for an EI evaluation?
Anyone!
OTs, neighbors, parents (parents have right to refusal at this stage)
What is a “child find” center?
A place to call and say “My child needs services, how do I get them?”
Usually the school district
What happens once a child is referred to EI?
A service coordinator is assigned
What are the regulations surrounding EI intervention?
- Must be multidisciplinary
- Must be in child’s native language (Therapist must be competent via fluency or through a translator)
- Must have a service coordinator (person that receives reports from all disciplines involved)
- Must be completed within 45 calendar days
What happens once the EI evaluation is complete?
Team develops IFSP (IEP for the family)
What must an IFSP include?
Services they will receive, goals, setting, duration, outcome, current level of function
Child’s strengths & weaknesses
Family resources, context, environment
Who is included in an IFSP team?
Service coordinator, service providers, parent representative, parents
OT is considered a primary service for EI, what does this mean?
In what arena is OT not considered a primary service?
The child can receive OT only
Home health
Where must EI services take place?
In the child’s natural environment, whenever possivle
How often are EI services revisited by the team?
Every 6 months
What age range is preschool?
What is the focus of preschool intervention?
3 -5
Transition to academics
In preschool, is OT considered a primary service or related service?
Related service
What is RSO?
Related services only
If a child needs only related services, they can get it in typical preschools or at home
What is an integrated preschool?
What are the benefits?
What types of teachers are there?
Purposely match students with and without disabilities (ratios are state guided)
Teach typical kids how to be around kids with disabilities
Kids with disabilities can see how typical kids act
Gen. Ed and Special Ed. teachers
What problems may be seen in Preschool OT?
Physical, Behavioral, Cognitive
What goals might OTs work on in preschool?
Pre-academic (coloring, writing, shapes, colors, letter recognition)
Social/emotional (attending, playing, classroom routines & rituals)
ADLs (coats/boots on & off, buttoning, tying shoelaces, hand washing, toileting)
In preschool evaluations, who reviews & formulates the IEP?
CPSE - Committee on Preschool Special Education
Also involved: parents, anyone that did an eval, education specialists, psychologist
Additional parent member NO LONGER REQUIRED for CSE
When is the IEP for preschool revisited?
At least annually
What age range is considered school-aged intervention?
5 - 21
What are the requirements for receiving school-aged intervention?
Child must meet criteria for “handicapping condition”
Is OT a primary or related service in School-aged intervention?
Related
Does an IEP have to be followed?
Yes! It is a legal document stating that these services will be provided
In school-aged intervention, what are the steps that occur between the referral to an IEP?
- “child study team” received the referral & discusses the child
- Evaluations (with informed consent from parents prior to)
- CSE meets
- IEP formulated
- IEP revisited at least annually
What is the difference between an IEP and a tx plan?
IEPs are not treatment plans
Goals are more universal (not OT/PT/Speech specific)
Each will have a separate treatment plan
What is a direct intervention? (school-aged)
Pull out - leave the classroom to go to therapy
Push in - therapy given in the classroom
More common in younger children
What is an indirect intervention? (school-aged)
Monitoring - usually for older children; see them 1x month to check up and see how they are doing
Consulting - once a year; in the classroom or on an individual level
What is the difference between Preschool EI and School-based?
School based is restricted to educationally relevant issues
Does not address home issues (brushing teeth, getting in and out of bed)
When must a transition plan be in place by?
age 16
What does transition to adulthood include?
Instruction
Related services
Community experiences (shopping, banking, etc)
Development of employment & post-school adult living objectives
Acquisition of daily living skills (laundry, using ATMs)
Functional vocational evaluation
What is Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act?
Mandates accommodations to make school accessible to all students with disabilities
Originally for physical accommodations, but now includes OT
What is the main difference between IDEA & 504 law?
There must be an impact on their ability to learn
No funding for 504; there is funding for IDEA
What is “Responsiveness to Intervention” (RTI)?
A NCLB model that promotes identification of children with learning disabilities
Children with suspected LD are provided evidence-based intervention in increasingly greater amounts until improvement is seen
Mandates “early intervening services” (before the child is identified as special education)
NCLB: What % of federal funds can be used towards early intervening services (including OT)?
up to 15%
