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Public Policy > Public Policy Midterm > Flashcards

Public Policy Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What are the steps in the eightfold path?

A
  1. Define the problem
  2. Assemble some evidence
  3. Construct the alternatives
  4. Select the criteria
  5. Project the outcomes
  6. Confront the trade-offs
  7. Decide
  8. Tell your story
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2
Q

What is the biggest area of federal spending?

A

Social Security and Medicare

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3
Q

What is the biggest state and local spending?

A

Education

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4
Q

The Process Model -

A

Views policymaking as a series of political activities

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5
Q

The Institutional Model -

A

focuses attention on the effects of political and governmental institutions in public policy

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6
Q

The Rational Model -

A

Implies that government should choose policies that maximize societal gains and minimize costs

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7
Q

The Incremental Model-

A

views public policy largely as a continuation of past government activities with only incremental modifications

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8
Q

Group theory -

A

views public policy as the outcome of the struggle among societal groups

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9
Q

The Elite Model-

A

views public policy as the preferences and values of the nations governing elite.

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10
Q

Public Choice Theory-

A

applies economic analysis to the study of public policy

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11
Q

Game Theory-

A

portrays policy as the outcome of interaction between two or more rational participants

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12
Q

How do we gather evidence?

A
  1. People leading to People
  2. People leading to documents
  3. Documents leading to documents
  4. Documents leading to people
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13
Q

Secondary?

A

When your primary source may not want to provide information. Analogy - relying on a witness rather than on the defendant. ex. Fire chief may not be reliable.

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14
Q

Why do we do define the problem?

A
  1. It gives the reason for doing the research and sense
    of direction for the evidence gathering.
  2. Quantify if possible
  3. Don’t include solution in definition
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15
Q

What happens in the assemble some evidence?

A
  1. Collect information to assess the nature and extent of
    the problem;
  2. Assess the particular features in the situation; and to
    assess policies that have worked in similar situations.
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16
Q

What happens in the construct the alternatives?

A
  1. Make a list of alternatives you might wish to consider..i mean something like policy options, alternative course of actions, alt strategies of intervention to solve or mitigate the problems.
  2. Include business as usual
  3. They are policy options
  4. Start comprehensive and end up focused
  5. Model the causes of the problem to cure it
  6. Check you assumptions before you proceed
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17
Q

What happens in the project the outcomes?

A

The hardest step

  1. Construct an outcome matrix
  2. Avoid excess optimism
  3. Do a sensitivity analysis
  4. Breakeven analysis
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18
Q

What happens in the confront the trade offs?

A
  1. Which alternative has dominance.
  2. It is trade-off across outcomes
  3. Choose between alternatives on weight of
    importance of criteria
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19
Q

What happens in the decision stage?

A
  1. You should decide what to do, based on your own
    analysis
  2. Apply the $20 bill test
  3. Keep fiddling until you invent a variant of you basic idea that will pass
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20
Q

What mistakes you should avoid in the problem definition?

A
  1. Is government intervention necessary?
  2. Be aware of issue rhetoric
  3. .The problem should be analytically manageable
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21
Q

What is the eightfold path?

A
  1. It is a problem-solving process
  2. It is iterative and consist of trial and error
  3. Some of the guidance are practical and some are
    conceptual
  4. It is easy to become lost and demoralized
22
Q

What happens in the select the criteria stage?

A
  1. Define the objectives you want obtain
  2. Criteria are mental standards for evaluating the result
    of the action
  3. will the projected outcome solve the policy problem
  4. Equality, equity, justice
  5. Polititically acceptable
23
Q

What happens in the tell you story stage?

A
  1. Apply the grandma Bessie test.
  2. Consider the medium to use
  3. Avoid showing all your work
  4. Structure your report
24
Q

What mistakes should you avoid in the problem definition?

A
  1. Is government intervention necessary?
  2. Be aware of issue rhetoric
  3. .The problem should be analytically manageable
25
Q

What is policy analysis?

A

It is what governments do, why they do it, and what difference it makes

26
Q

What are the steps in policy making process?

A
  1. Identification of the problem
  2. Set the agenda
  3. Formulate the policy
  4. Legitimate the policy
  5. Implement the policy
  6. Evaluate the policy
27
Q

What are problems notification placing on the agenda?

A
  1. Interest groups
    2, Policy making organizations
  2. Mass media
  3. Influential individuals
28
Q

What is legality, effectiveness and equality?

A

I

29
Q

What is best practices?

A

Solutions that have been tried in other jurisdictions, agencies, or locales. Look for those that appear to have worked pretty well and can you apply it to your situation.

30
Q

Things government do?

A
  1. Tax
  2. Regulation
  3. Subsides and Grants
  4. Budgets
  5. Structure of private rights
  6. Financing
31
Q

How do you protect credibility?

A
  1. the researcher should take steps to protect the ultimate political credibility of his work from political attacks.
    Quote published sources.
    Prepare for premature exposure
    Seek out experts whom you can attribute views
    Lineup experts who would be willing to speak for your report.
32
Q

What is outcome matrix good for?

A

Provides visual representation choices and criteria to help us in the decision making process to see if there any clear winners or clear losers.

33
Q

What are the theory’s of public policy?

A 
Process
Incremental
Group
Public choice
Elite
Game
Rational
Systems
34
Q

Gov. resp have generally _____ in recent years

A

Grown

35
Q

Total gov. spending is ____ percent

A

37

36
Q

The most expensive undertaking in fed. Gov is

A

Social Security and medicaire

37
Q

The study of politics is

A

The study of who gets what, when and how

38
Q

The work of a policy analyst includes all of the following except
Prescribing preferences

A

Prescribing preferences

39
Q

One problem that researchers have in their attempt to find solutions for public problems is

A

Disagreements over what problems are

40
Q

Gross domestic product is a common measure indicating a government’s

A

True

41
Q

Policy adv. Is essentially persuasion in favor of a given public policy

A

True

42
Q

Models are used for all of the following reasons except to

evaluate the morality of dif. policies

A

evaluate the morality of dif. policies

43
Q

Which of the following is not part of the policy process?

Policy input

A

Policy input

44
Q

To make a rational policy decision, policy makers must

A

weigh benefits against cost

45
Q

The institutional model focuses on governmental structures

A

True

46
Q

The incremental method is generally preferred in times of crisis, when profound change is req.

A

False

47
Q

Deciding what issues will be decided and what problem will be addressed by the government is part of the

A

Agenda Setting

48
Q

In a typical two-year session roughly

A

10,000 bills are introduced to congress

49
Q

What is the purpose of a continuing resolutions?

A

Uninterruptedd functioning of fed. government

50
Q

Implementation of public policy is the job of

A

Bureaucracy

51
Q

The work of think tanks is the greatest at the policy stage of policy making

A

True

Public Policy (1 decks)

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