Public law 12- Parliament Flashcards
define the parliament
it is a constitutional body holding a fundamental power: either legislative or law making.
what is the representative principle
concept of governance in which the people elect representatives (parliament members) to make decisions on their behalf
what is an indirect democracy aka representative democracy
system of governance in which citizens elect representatives to make decisions, create laws, and govern on their behalf.
Explain bicameral vs unicameral systems
unicameral (one house) and bi cameral (2 houses)
the bicameral system allows for a more thorough review of laws by having 2 chambers assess the proposals
2 types of bicameralisms are
- perfect bicameralism: both houses have equal power and functions
- imperfect bicameralism: 2 houses differ in composition, powers, or roles
Describe italy’s parliament’s structure
italy has a bicameral system:
chamber of deputies: 400 members
senate of the republic 200 members
Describe the steps of the law making process( 4 steps)( power held by the parliament )
the law making authority is outlined in article 71-74 of the Italian constitution:
- Initiative: bills can be proposed by:
-government
-MP: members of the parliament
- citizens with 50,000 signatures
-other constitutional bodies( eg regional councils) - debating/deliberation: bills are debated and voted on by committees and full house assemblies.
- Approval: both house must pass the same version of the bill
- Effectiveness: the president of the republic must promulgate the law, and it becomes effective after publication.
the parliament has a dual role what is it
law making and policymaking
the parliament also has roles like:
-approving budgets
-monitoring government policies through votes and resolutions
-holding inquiries or questioning government actions
describe the ordinary law making process
- a reporting committee reviewws the bill article by article, makes amendments and votes.
- the bill along with any reports is submitted to the full assembly of the house for further debate.
- MPs vote on the bill article by article and then as a whole.
final approvaloccurs at the full assembly
describe the deferred process of law making
- the bill is sent to a deliberating committee that acts like a mini assembly.
- the committee examines, debates and votes on the bill as if it were the full house
- if requested, the bill is referred back to the full assembly for a final vote.
faster process
Describe the third type that is the drafting type
1.A drafting committee is tasked with preparing the bill, including its content and structure.
2. Once the draft is complete, it is submitted to the full assembly for debate and voting.
3.Decision Level: Final approval takes place in the full assembly after the drafting phase.
List the roles of the parliament as a policymaker
- political guidance of the government
2.passing the state’s yearly budget - through resolutions that may affect the government’s policy.
the parliament controls the government’s policies through:
1- motions
2- resolutions
3- other controls: questions, requests, and inquiries
the personal independence of deputies and senators, they have a special status
personal immunity non binding electoral mandate
house’s prerogatives
- self regulation:
standing orders must be approved by an absolute majority of members - financial autonomy:
each house establishes its budget without inter fence from the other branch of the parliament - interjuridiction: disputes are submitted here
4.
each house must elect its president by a qualifies majority on a representative basis
the house must be called into a plenary session to perform:
- electoral and appointing procedures
- prosecution/ impeachment procedure
- scrutiny and controlling procedure
electoral and appointing procedure are related to the following
- election of the president of the republic
- election of the superior council of the judiciary
- election of the members of the constitutional courts
- appointment of 45 citizens
