Public Health & Nursing Practice

Question 1

What is public health

Answer 1

Society collectively assures conditions in which people can be healthy.

Question 2

What is public health nursing

Answer 2

Developing interventions for individuals, populations, & communities (local & global perspective)

Question 3

1. PHN focuses on the entire ___________ health

Answer 3

Population

Question 4

2. PHN reflects the communities ___________ and ___________.

Answer 4

priorities

needs

Question 5

3. PHN establishes caring relationships with communities, ____________, , individuals & ___________.

Answer 5

systems

families

Question 6

4. PHN is grounded in social justice, __________, sensitivity to diversity & ___________ for the worth of all people, especially the ______________.

Answer 6

compassion
respect
vulnerable

Question 7

5. PHN encompasses ___________, _________, _________, __________, social & environmental aspects of health.

Answer 7

physical
emotional
mental
spiritual
(PEMS)

Question 8

6. PHN promotes health through strategies driven by ______________ evidence.

Answer 8

epidemiological

Question 9

7. PHN collaborates with _____________ resources to achieve those strategies BUT can & will work __________ if necessary.

Answer 9

community

alone

Question 10

8. PHN derives its authority for ____________ action from the N___ P ____ A ____

Answer 10

independent

Nurse Practice ACt

Question 11

Principles of PHN

Answer 11

1. Population= client or “unit of care”
2. Primary obligation= achieve the greatest good for the greatest # of people or population as a whole.
3. Processes used= working w/ clients as equal partners
4. Priority= primary prevention activities
5. Focus= selecting strategies that create healthy environmental, social & economic conditions (population thrives)
6. Obligation=identify & reach out to all who might benefit from a specific activity/service.
7. Key element of practice=optimal use of available resources to assure the best overall improvement of the health population.
8. Collaboration= professions, populations, organizations & stakeholders to promote/protect health of the people.

Question 12

3 core functions of public health

Answer 12

Assessment
Policy development
Assurance

Question 13

-Systematic data collection, analysis, &

monitoring of health problems/populations

Answer 13

Assessment

Question 14

• Using scientific knowledge to develop comprehensive public health policies.
• Developing policies that support the health of the population through leadership &research

Answer 14

Policy development

Question 15

-Assuring constituents that public health agencies provide the services necessary to achieve agreed-upon goals

Answer 15

Assurance

Question 16

A collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common

Answer 16

Population

Question 17

Examples of personal/environmental characteristics

Answer 17

• All families of newborn infants
• All older adults @ risk for falls
• Everyone who drinks well water
• All children @ risk for vaccine-preventable diseases
• All adolescents @ risk for depression

Question 18

10 essentials services of public health

Answer 18

1. Assess/monitor population status, influential factors & the community needs/assets of health
2. Investigate/diagnose/address population health problems & hazards
3. Inform/educate/empower people about health & factors
4. Mobilize/strengthen/support community partnerships to improve health
5. Develop/promote/implement policies, plans & laws that protect health
6. Enforce laws to protect the public health
7. Link to/provide care for health that is easily accessible
8. Build/support a diverse & competent public health workforce
9. Improve/innovate public health through evaluation, research & continuous quality of improvement
10. Build/maintain strong organizational infrastructure for public health

Question 19

Care that goes beyond the individual that aims to improve the health of aggregates (data not limited to one patient), populations, & communities

Answer 19

Population focused care

Question 20

Socio-ecological Model

Answer 20

1. Individual= sleep/circadian health interventions
2. Sociodemographic= age, race, sex, ethnicity (sensitive interventions)
3. Interpersonal= family & group based interventions
4. Community & policy= community, religious, employment & HC systems (aka environment)
5. Society= public policy, cultural leadership, regulations/incentives

Question 21

i.e. socioecological model (lifestyle)

Health behaviors, Cognitive load, Perspective & Spirituality

Answer 21

Individual

Question 22

i.e. socioecological model (individual determinants)

Genetics, Age, Past education

Answer 22

Sociodemographic

Question 23

i.e. socioecological model (social determinants)

Responsibilities, Martial status, Social support, Socioeconomic status, Social engagement, Minority Status

Answer 23

Interpersonal

Question 24

i.e. socioecological model (human-moderated environment)

Transit, Walkability, Available services, HC access, Public policies

Answer 24

Community & Policy

Question 25

i.e. socioecological model (natural environment) Available resources or weather

Answer 25

Society

Question 26

________ approach happens before disease sets in

Answer 26

Upstream

Question 27

________ approach happens after the disease sets in

Answer 27

Downstream

Question 28

``` Strategies= improve community conditions Tactics= Social relations, neighborhoods and communities, institutions, and social and economic policies ```

Answer 28

i.e. upstream approach (always includes environment) potable water & sanitation, affordable & clean energy, climate action, life below water, & life on land

Question 29

``` Strategies= providing clinical care Tactics= medical interventions ``` *focuses on biological and behavioral bases for disease

Answer 29

i.e. downstream approach (does not include environment) Obesity nutrition teaching & portion control (downstream isn't thinking about access to food or things like are there food deserts)

Question 30

Measurable public health objectives (10 yr span) Vision= all people achieve the fullest potential of health/well-being across the lifespan Mission= promote/evaluate the nation’s efforts to improve the health/well-being of its people

Answer 30

Healthy People 2030

Question 31

What are the 3 levels of prevention

Answer 31

Primary, secondary & tertiary

Question 32

Education or making laws is what level of prevention?

Answer 32

Primary Measures that actively promote health, prevent illness and provide protection

Question 33

Support groups and rehabilitation is what level of prevention?

Answer 33

Tertiary Reduce impairments and disabilities, minimize suffering, promote adjustment to immediate condition

Question 34

early detection screenings or preventing progression is what level of prevention?

Answer 34

Secondary Identifies risks or hazards and modifies, removes, or treats them before a problem becomes more serious