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Community Nursing > Public Health & Nursing Practice > Flashcards

Public Health & Nursing Practice Flashcards

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1
Q

What is public health

A

Society collectively assures conditions in which people can be healthy.

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2
Q

What is public health nursing

A

Developing interventions for individuals, populations, & communities (local & global perspective)

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3
Q
  1. PHN focuses on the entire ___________ health
A

Population

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4
Q
  1. PHN reflects the communities ___________ and ___________.
A

priorities

needs

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5
Q
  1. PHN establishes caring relationships with communities, ____________, , individuals & ___________.
A

systems

families

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6
Q
  1. PHN is grounded in social justice, __________, sensitivity to diversity & ___________ for the worth of all people, especially the ______________.
A

compassion
respect
vulnerable

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7
Q
  1. PHN encompasses ___________, _________, _________, __________, social & environmental aspects of health.
A 
physical
emotional
mental
spiritual
(PEMS)
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8
Q
  1. PHN promotes health through strategies driven by ______________ evidence.
A

epidemiological

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9
Q
  1. PHN collaborates with _____________ resources to achieve those strategies BUT can & will work __________ if necessary.
A

community

alone

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10
Q
  1. PHN derives its authority for ____________ action from the N___ P ____ A ____
A

independent

Nurse Practice ACt

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11
Q

Principles of PHN

A
  1. Population= client or “unit of care”
  2. Primary obligation= achieve the greatest good for the greatest # of people or population as a whole.
  3. Processes used= working w/ clients as equal partners
  4. Priority= primary prevention activities
  5. Focus= selecting strategies that create healthy environmental, social & economic conditions (population thrives)
  6. Obligation=identify & reach out to all who might benefit from a specific activity/service.
  7. Key element of practice=optimal use of available resources to assure the best overall improvement of the health population.
  8. Collaboration= professions, populations, organizations & stakeholders to promote/protect health of the people.
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12
Q

3 core functions of public health

A

Assessment
Policy development
Assurance

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13
Q

-Systematic data collection, analysis, &

monitoring of health problems/populations

A

Assessment

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14
Q
  • Using scientific knowledge to develop comprehensive public health policies.
  • Developing policies that support the health of the population through leadership &research
A

Policy development

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15
Q

-Assuring constituents that public health agencies provide the services necessary to achieve agreed-upon goals

A

Assurance

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16
Q

A collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common

A

Population

17
Q

Examples of personal/environmental characteristics

A
  • All families of newborn infants
  • All older adults @ risk for falls
  • Everyone who drinks well water
  • All children @ risk for vaccine-preventable diseases
  • All adolescents @ risk for depression
18
Q

10 essentials services of public health

A
  1. Assess/monitor population status, influential factors & the community needs/assets of health
  2. Investigate/diagnose/address population health problems & hazards
  3. Inform/educate/empower people about health & factors
  4. Mobilize/strengthen/support community partnerships to improve health
  5. Develop/promote/implement policies, plans & laws that protect health
  6. Enforce laws to protect the public health
  7. Link to/provide care for health that is easily accessible
  8. Build/support a diverse & competent public health workforce
  9. Improve/innovate public health through evaluation, research & continuous quality of improvement
  10. Build/maintain strong organizational infrastructure for public health
19
Q

Care that goes beyond the individual that aims to improve the health of aggregates (data not limited to one patient), populations, & communities

A

Population focused care

20
Q

Socio-ecological Model

A
  1. Individual= sleep/circadian health interventions
  2. Sociodemographic= age, race, sex, ethnicity (sensitive interventions)
  3. Interpersonal= family & group based interventions
  4. Community & policy= community, religious, employment & HC systems (aka environment)
  5. Society= public policy, cultural leadership, regulations/incentives
21
Q

i.e. socioecological model (lifestyle)

Health behaviors, Cognitive load, Perspective & Spirituality

A

Individual

22
Q

i.e. socioecological model (individual determinants)

Genetics, Age, Past education

A

Sociodemographic

23
Q

i.e. socioecological model (social determinants)

Responsibilities, Martial status, Social support, Socioeconomic status, Social engagement, Minority Status

A

Interpersonal

24
Q

i.e. socioecological model (human-moderated environment)

Transit, Walkability, Available services, HC access, Public policies

A

Community & Policy

25
Q

i.e. socioecological model (natural environment)

Available resources or weather

A

Society

26
Q

________ approach happens before disease sets in

A

Upstream

27
Q

________ approach happens after the disease sets in

A

Downstream

28
Q 
Strategies= improve community conditions
Tactics= Social relations, neighborhoods and communities, institutions, and social and economic policies
A

i.e. upstream approach (always includes environment)

potable water & sanitation, affordable
& clean energy, climate action, life below
water, & life on land

29
Q 
Strategies= providing clinical care
Tactics= medical interventions

*focuses on biological and behavioral bases for disease

A

i.e. downstream approach (does not include environment)

Obesity nutrition teaching & portion control
(downstream isn’t thinking about access to food or things like are there food deserts)

30
Q

Measurable public health objectives (10 yr span)

Vision= all people achieve the fullest potential of health/well-being across the lifespan

Mission= promote/evaluate the nation’s efforts to improve the health/well-being of its people

A

Healthy People 2030

31
Q

What are the 3 levels of prevention

A

Primary, secondary & tertiary

32
Q

Education or making laws is what level of prevention?

A

Primary

Measures that actively promote health, prevent illness and provide protection

33
Q

Support groups and rehabilitation is what level of prevention?

A

Tertiary

Reduce impairments and disabilities, minimize suffering, promote adjustment to immediate condition

34
Q

early detection screenings or preventing progression is what level of prevention?

A

Secondary

Identifies risks or hazards and modifies, removes, or treats them before a problem becomes more serious

Community Nursing (3 decks)

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