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CPH LEC > PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE AGING POPULATION (PREFINAL LEC 2) > Flashcards

PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE AGING POPULATION (PREFINAL LEC 2) Flashcards

1
Q

-poorer health
-causing great alarm among sectors
-medical costs are higher

A

AGING POPULATION

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2
Q

Challenge for public health

A
  1. IMPROVE THE HEALTH OF OLDER PEOPLE BY PREVENTION OF DISEASE AND DISABILITY
  2. CONFRONT THE ISSUE OF HOW COSTS CAN BE CONTROLLED IN AN EQUITABLE AND HUMANE WAY
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3
Q

-65 and over
-20% of the population
-median age is increasing traditional retirement age

A

BABY-BOOM

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4
Q

3 categories of baby boom

A
  1. YOUNG OLD
  2. AGED
  3. OLDEST OLD
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5
Q

at what age are most women widowed and alone and most men are married and live with their wives

A

75 YEARS OLD

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6
Q

Public Health Concern

A
  1. CHRONIC ILLNESS
  2. DISABILITY
  3. DEPENDENCY
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7
Q

Cause of death of older population

A
  1. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND CANCER
  2. VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND SUICIDE
  3. OTHER CHRONIC ILLNESS (ARTHRITIS, DIABETES, OSTEOPOROSIS AND ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE)
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8
Q

-1741 older population participants
-study surveyed on their smoking habits, BMI, exercise patterns, chronic conditions, use of medical services, and extent of disability (year)

A

STUDY OF PENNSYLVANIA (1986)

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9
Q

determinants of health in old age

A
  1. SMOKING
  2. NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
  3. OBESITY
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10
Q

-major factor for CVD and cancer
-leading cause of death in those ages over 65
-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis and disorders of the mouth

A

SMOKING

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11
Q

-affect risk of CVD and cancer
-overnutrition and lack of exercise
-diabetes and arthritis

A

NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

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12
Q

-poor diet and lack of exercise
-adequate calcium and VITAMIN D

A

OBESITY

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13
Q

preventive measures

A
  1. VACCINATION AGAINST PNEUMONIA AND INFLUENZA
  2. SMOKING CESSATION
  3. BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL
  4. HEALTHY DIET
  5. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
  6. MEDICATIONS
  7. CONSTANT CHECK-UP
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14
Q

-with unwanted side effects
-kidney and liver functions
-increase risk of overdose
-need for better coordination and monitoring of medical care

A

MEDICATIONS

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15
Q

Osteoporosis means:

A

“POROUS BONES”

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16
Q

-women are more prone
-smoking and alcohol consumption
-obesity
-medication
-have no symptoms
-hip and vertebrae fracture (Dowager’s hump)

A

OSTEOPOROSIS

17
Q

statistics of older people that fall each year

A

1/3 of 65 AND OLDER

18
Q

-fracture or head injury
-mobility (arthritis, stroke and Parkinson’s disease)
-4 or more prescription drugs

A

FALLS

19
Q

risk factors of falls

A

VISION IMPAIRMENT

MUSCULAR WEAKNESS

PROBLEMS WITH BALANCE

20
Q

Recommendations to prevent falls

A

EXERCISE REGULARLY

REVIEWED MEDICATIONS

YEARLY EYE EXAMS

IMPROVE LIGHTING IN THEIR HOMES

REDUCE FALL HAZARDS IN THE HOME

VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTS

21
Q

-increases the risk of falls and other injuries
-social isolation
-depression and cognitive impairment
-reduced sensitivity to higher frequency

A

IMPAIRMENT OF VISION AND HEARING

22
Q

clouding of the lens

A

CATARACTS

23
Q

gradual increase in pressure w/n the eye

A

GLAUCOMA

24
Q

breakdown of light-sensing cells in the macula

A

MACULAR DEGENERATION

25
Q

high blood sugar damages the blood vessels in the retina

A

DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

26
Q

-tooth loss, dental carries, periodontal disease, salivary dysfunction, cancer and precancerous conditions and chronic pain
-impair ability to chew, taste, and swallow

A

ORAL HEALTH

27
Q

For better oral health:

A

QUIT SMOKING

USE BETTER ORAL HYGIENE SELFCAR4E PRACTICES

USE PROFESSIONAL DENTAL SERVICES

28
Q

-most dreaded affiliations of old age
-no definitive diagnostic test
-changes in the brain: characteristic tangles of fibers w/n the brain cells and deposits of the protein plaques in extravascular spaces
-Diabetes and CVD

A

ALZHEIMER’S AND OTHER DEMENTIAS

29
Q

Preventive measures against Alzheimer’s disease

A
  1. WEIGHT CONTROL
  2. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
  3. AVOIDANCE OF SMOKING
  4. TRATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE AND CHOLESTEROL
    5.ASPIRIN
30
Q

factors that increase the risk of disability in the elderly

A
  1. SMOKING
  2. POOR DIET
  3. PHYSICAL INACTIVITY
  4. UNSAFE DRIVING PRACTICES

CPH LEC (1 decks)

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