Public Health and Aquaculture Flashcards
Public health issues in aquaculture
Pollution of water by increased organic load
* Survival of pathogens and multiplication vectors
Opportunity for spread of antimicrobial resistance
Public health issues with eating fish - Non-infectious
Veterinary residues
Herbicides/pesticides
Heavy metals
Toxins (bio toxins)
Types of biotoxin
Shellfish poisoning due to shellfish eating algae contain toxins
* Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning
* Diarrhoeic Shellfish Poisoning
* Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning
Fish poisoning
* Scombrotoxin
* Ciguatoxin
* Tetrotoxin
Scombrotoxin
Histamine poisoning
Due to inappropriate storage or spoilage
Ciguatoxin
Due to fish ingesting toxic dinoflagellates
Tetrotoxin
Found in certain parts of pufferfish
Public health issues with eating fish - Infectious
Clostridium botulinum serotype E
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Salmonella spp.
E. coli
Listeria monocytogenes
Norovirus
Clostridium botulinum serotype E
Normal contaminate of water and mud
Due to incorrect storage ->Spoilage
Effective chilling and cooking minimises risk
Vibrio haemolyticus
Widespread in coastal marine waters
Seasonal disease
Due to shellfish from warm waters being undercooked
Causes febrile gastroenteritis
Salmonella spp.
High water temps
Contaminated water effluents
E. coli
Indicator of faecal contamination
Caused by human handling
Listeria monocytogenes
Common
Monitoring is regular in aquaculture systems
Zoonotic diseases from fish
Aeromonas spp.
Vibrio spp (most common)
Mycobacterium
Streptococcus inae
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Trematodes
Nematodes
Cestodes
Aeromonas spp. clinical signs in fish
Gram -ve bacteria
Non-specific signs
* Ulcerative skin
* Abdominal distension
* Lethargy
* Exophthalmia
* Raised scales
* Death
Aeromonas spp. clinical signs in
Localised oedema at site of infection
Rarely systemic
