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2a Public Health > Public Health > Flashcards

Public Health Flashcards

1
Q

7 duties of a doctor?

A 
Patients = 1st concern
Knowledge = up to date
Dignity
Polite
Confidential
Promote health
Within competence
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2
Q

4 psychosocial CHD

A

Type A
Depression
Work (hours, demand)
Social support

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3
Q

Helping those with increased CVD risk?

A 
Depression
Occupation
Social services
Vascular screening
QRISK 2
Lifestyle
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4
Q

Benefits alcohol?

A

Euphoria
Social
Low dose = cardioprotective

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5
Q

Excess alcohol problems?

A 
Relationships (violence, depression, anxiety)
Criminal (violence)
Unemployment
Poverty
Driving offences
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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal sx?

A 
Tremulouness
Agitation
>hr
>bp
Hallucinations
Delirum Tremens (shaking, confusion...)
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7
Q

1 unit alcohol (in g/ml, eg drink, equation)

A 
8g/10ml pure alcohol
1/2 pint beer
Small glass wine
Single measure spirits
Strength (%ABV) x Amount (L)
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8
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome?

A

Peri/post-natal growth retardation
CNS (mental retardation, irritability, hyper-reactivity)
>birthmarks./hernias

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9
Q

Primary prevention alcoholism?

A

Drinkaware (alc labelling)
THINK (driving)
‘Know your limits’ campaign

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10
Q

Secondary prevention alcoholism

A 
Ask routinely (screening Q)
Detect problem drinking (inc lab tests)
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11
Q

What can doctors do for alcoholics?

A

Screen: CAGE & AUDIT (ALcohol Use Disorders Interviews Test)
Brief Interventions: FRAMES (motivational interviewing)
Ref. specialists
Set goals, agree on plans, educational material

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12
Q

CAGE?

A

Cut down?
Annoyed by criticism
Guilt
Eye-opener

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13
Q

Alcohol abuse = ?

A

Role failure
Relationship problem
Run in with law
Risk of bodily harm

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14
Q

Alcohol dependence?

A 
Withdrawal sx
Tolerance
Drinking despite problems
Can't keep to limits
Lots of time drinking/recovering
Less time of imp. things
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15
Q

FRAMES?

A 
Feedback (risks)
Responsibility
Advice
Menu of alternatives
Empathy
Self-efficacy (patient feel able to cope w/goals)
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16
Q

Mx alcoholism?

A 
Naltrexone (opioid antag)
Disulfiram (>sensitivity to alc)
Acaprosate (stabilises chem balance)
Behavioral therapy
Social support (AA)
17
Q

Why do people smoke?

A 
Fear >kg
Stress
Social
Nicotine addiction
Habit
18
Q

Signs stress?

A 
Beharioral (alc, sleep, absenteeism)
Cognitive (concentration, -ve thoughts)
Physiological (headache)
Emotional (swings, tearful, irritable)
Biochem (endorphins)
19
Q

NHS Screening (breast)?

A

Mammo
50-60
3yr

20
Q

NHS Screening (bowel)

A

Faecal-occult
60-74
2yr

21
Q

NHS Screening (cervical)

A

Cervical smear liquid based cytology
25 3yr
50-64 5yr

22
Q

NHS Screening (3 eg other than breast/bowel/cervical)

A

AAA>65, newborn hearing, sickle cell & thalassaemia screen

23
Q

Screening Principles?

A 
Wilson-Jugner:
Important problem
Recognisable early stage
Facilities for dx and tx
Suitable test
Acceptable test
Natural hx
Continuous
Dx improves prog
Cost-effective
24
Q

Occupational screening (5)?

A 
What
Health re/work?
Sx home v work
Exposure (chemicals, polutants, dust, metals, noise, repetetive) - current and past
Co-workers similar
25
Q

Def substance misuse?

A

Non-therapeutic ingestion substace affecting CNS, causing behavioural/psychological change

26
Q

3 dx substance misuse

A

Acute intox, harmful use, dependance

27
Q

4 tiers UK drug treatment

A

1 non-specialist (substitution)
2 open-access
3 specialist community based
4 inpatient (naltrexone, rehab)

28
Q

Def malnutrition

A

Deficiency/excess energy/protein/other nutrients -> adverse effect tissue/body/clinical outcome

29
Q

4 consequences malnutrition?

A

Loss muscle (resp, heart, mobility)
Immunity
Poor wound healing
Psychosocial (depression/apathy)

30
Q

Malnutrition assement?

A

1) BMI

2) Unexplained

31
Q

4 Q for patient re malnutrition?

A

Lost weight?
Eating normally?
Normal weight?
Height?

32
Q

4 functional assessments older people?

A

ADL = 6
Instrumental (ADL) = 7
Barthal ADL = 10
Mini Mental State Exam (orientation, registration, short-term memory, language)

33
Q

Disability paradox

A

Profound disability -> high QoL reported

expectation?

34
Q

Influenza; R number?

A

Reproduction no.
Primary case -> x secondary cases?
Level intervention to control epidem?

35
Q

Influenza; pub health intervention

A

Hand washing
Resp hygeine “catch, bin, kill”
X attend large gatherings

36
Q

Influenza; wide intervation

A 
Travel restriction
Reduce large gatherings
Schools closure
Voluntary home isolation
Volutary isolation
Screening at ports
37
Q

3 phases mx infection threat

A

Identification
Containment (reduce spread: hand washing, isolation etc)
Management (spreading freely: protect vulnerable, vaccinate)

38
Q

C Diff (SIGHT, reduce, mx)

A 
Suspect (diarrhoea)
Isolate
Gloves & apron
Hand washing (soap!)
Test (stool for Toxin)

Control abx

Vancomycin

39
Q

5 types of study?

A 
Ecological (pop based)
Cross-sectional (incidence)
Case-control
Cohort (follow over time)
Interventional

2a Public Health (1 decks)

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