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PfVP > Public Health > Flashcards

Public Health Flashcards

1
Q

What was APHA called before Oct 2014?

A

AHVLA

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2
Q

What do the Home Office Veterinary Inspectorate do?

A

Oversee Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986

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3
Q

Total cost of Campylobacter?

A

£900m

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4
Q

When was first Hanta virus case?

A

2012

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5
Q

What causes rat bite fever?

A

Spirillum minus and streptobacillus moniliformis

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6
Q

What is the animal reservoir of Hep E?

A

Pigs

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7
Q

What is the animal reservoir for SARS?

A

Civet

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8
Q

WHat is the animal reservoir for Hanta virus?

A

Rat

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9
Q

How do humans commonly get Hep E?

A

Eating undercooked pork or venison

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10
Q

Which diseases are commonly from water?

A

Cryptosporidium and giardia

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11
Q

When was German E. Coli epidemic?

A

April-July 2011

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12
Q

When was the mercury health scare for pregnant women?

A

May 2002

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13
Q

When was the listeria outbreak in pregnant mothers?

A

March 1989

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14
Q

When was German salmonella bovismorbificans outbreak?

A

Jan 2005

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15
Q

When was Sudan 1 outbreak?

A

Feb 2005

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16
Q

What food is the most common cause of disease outbreak?

A

Eggs and egg products

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17
Q

How many people fall ill from WHO’s 31 foodborne diseases?

A

600 million

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18
Q

How many people die from WHO’s 31 foodborne diseases?

A

420,000

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19
Q

How many DALYs are lost due to WHO’s 31 disease borne illnesses?

A

33 million

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20
Q

What % of the population suffers food poisoning annually?

A

10%

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21
Q

What is haemolytic uraemic syndrome?

A

Kidney blood vessel endothelium damage

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22
Q

Which are rare entero-invasive forms of Salmonella causing septicaemia?

A

Virchow and Java

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23
Q

Which are human adapted Salmonella serotypes?

A

Typhi and paratyphi

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24
Q

Which Salmonella serotypes are associated with food borne disease and subclinical infection of livestock?

A

Typhimurium and enteritidis

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25
Q

Which Salmonella strains are animal adapted and of variable human pathogenicity?

A

Dublin, abortus-ovis and cholerae-suis

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26
Q

What kind of silage harbours listeria?

A

Butyric

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27
Q

Which kind of foods are susceptible to algal toxins?

A

Shellfish and crustaceans

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28
Q

Is food poisoning notifiable?

A

Yes

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29
Q

What is the only small animal disease dealt with by the APHA?

A

Rabies

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30
Q

Who pays for the APHA?

A

Government through tax

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31
Q

How many avian flu outbreaks have there been recently?

A

7

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32
Q

How big is the protection zone?

A

3km

33
Q

When was teh APHA created?

A

1945

34
Q

What does Schmallenberg virus cause?

A

Deformities

35
Q

How much preservative is used for samples?

A

10 times as much as the sample

36
Q

How often does the APHA release disease surveillance reports?

A

Monthly

37
Q

How often does the APHA release species-specific disease reports?

A

Quarterly

38
Q

What is the “VIDA” annual report?

A

Veterinary investigation diagnosis analysis

39
Q

What is PED?

A

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea

40
Q

What causes blood sweating in calves?

A

Bovine neonatal pancytopenia - intestines fill with blood, mothers produce anitbodies against blood cells

41
Q

What caused botulism in cattle?

A

Eating food contaminated with dead poultry

42
Q

What is a “VIC”?

A

Veterinary investigation centre

43
Q

What is the most expensive disease?

A

PRR - affects sheep and goats

44
Q

When was the Schamallenberg serological bank opened?

A

2013

45
Q

How much did the BSE, FMD and swine fever outbreaks cost the taxpayer?

A

£18 billion

46
Q

How many autosomal recessive traits do pedigree dogs have?

A

300

47
Q

What animals does Hendra come from?

A

From fruit bats to horses to humans

48
Q

What animal does Nipah virus come from?

A

Pigs

49
Q

Which virus causes PMWS?

A

Porcine circovirus-2

50
Q

When was the OIE created?

A

25/1/1924

51
Q

How many countries were members of the OIE in 2007?

A

169

52
Q

How much money did the FMD epidemic cost?

A

£7,600 million

53
Q

What % loss in milk yield does FMD cause?

A

50%

54
Q

What kind of virus are measles, distemper and Rinderpes?

A

Morbillivirus

55
Q

When was Rinderpest eradication announced?

A

2010

56
Q

What is the vector of bluetongue?

A

Culicoides biting midge

57
Q

What kind of virus is WNV?

A

Flavivirus

58
Q

When did american WNV outbreak begin?

A

1998/9

59
Q

When was the equine WNV vaccine launched?

A

2005

60
Q

How many annual deaths in the USA are caused by influenza A?

A

5000-30,000

61
Q

How many people did the 1918 flu pandemic cause?

A

20-100 million

62
Q

When was the Bubonic Plague?

A

1347-1351

63
Q

Which subtypes of influenza are highly pathogenic?

A

H5 and H7

64
Q

How many Ebola deaths were there up to Feb 2015?

A

9177

65
Q

How many ebola deaths were there up to Jan 16?

A

11,315

66
Q

When was the index case for the Ebola outbreak?

A

2 year old boy in a village in Guinea in 2013.

67
Q

Which animals don’t get BSE?

A

Horses

68
Q

What is the main source of Hendra and Nipah viruses?

A

Fruit bat urine

69
Q

What is the vector of West Nile Virus?

A

Mosquitos

70
Q

What strain of flu was the 1918 outbreak?

A

H1N1

71
Q

What is the morbidity and mortality like in Seal Distemper Virus in the North Sea?

A

Low morbidity, high mortality

72
Q

How much would FMD vaccinations cost every 10 years?

A

1bn euros

73
Q

What kind of virus is WNV?

A

Flavivirus

74
Q

When was Rinderpest eradication announced?

A

2010

75
Q

Is Salmonella notifiable?

A

No - reportable

76
Q

Are HPAI and LPAI notifiable?

A

Yes

77
Q

Why does FMD have a greater impact on the developing world?

A

Prevents access to international trade

78
Q

How is Blue Tongue transmitted?

A

Midges (Culicoides)

79
Q

Which H subtypes are HPAI?

A

5 or 7

PfVP (3 decks)

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