PTA concepts/ Vital Signs

Question 1

Blood Pressure Levels

Answer 1

i. Normal - 120/80 mmHg
ii. Hyper - 140/90 mmHg or above
iii. Hypo - 90/50 mmHg or below

Question 2

Pulse rate levels

Answer 2

i. Normal - 70 beats per minutes (bpm), range 60-100 bpm.
ii. Hyper - tachycardia 100 bpm or above
iii. Hypo - bradycardia 60 bpm or below

Question 3

Respiration rate levels

Answer 3

Normal - 12-18 br/min

Hyper -Tachypnea is the increased respiratory rate of breathing of an adult to 20 br/min or greater

Hypo - Bradypnea is the decreased respiratory rate of breathing of an adult to 10 br/min or less

Question 4

2. What do the terms tachycardia, tachypnea and bradycardia mean?

Answer 4

a. Tachycardia - increased heart rate
b. Tachypnea - increased breathing rate
c. Bradycardia - decreased heart rate

Question 5

What is the cause of the whistling or wheezing sound that a patient with asthma makes?

Answer 5

Wheezing is a whistling sound resulting from constriction or partial obstruction of the airways (bronchial tubes). Wheezing is characteristic for patient having emphysema and asthma

Question 6

The patient turns round to walk back to the wheelchair toward the right or left direction if the right leg is non-weight-bearing?

Answer 6

Turn towards strong leg

Question 7

When backing up to sitting in the wheelchair what must the patient feel before sitting? What are the hands holding on to?

Answer 7

When sitting, pt. must backup until chair is felt behind leg. Before sitting pt. reaches back for stable support (arm rest) to help with descending.

Question 8

What is the BEST gait sequence, (the gait sequence that is most like normal walking), for a left WBAT ankle sprain when using a single point cane?

Answer 8

2 points - cane/ affected side, strong leg

Question 9

Describe the pattern of feet and crutches in a swing to, 3 point and 4 point gait pattern

Answer 9

a. 3 point - Crutches, left foot, right foot

b. 4 point - Crutch left, right foot, right crutch, left foot

Question 10

Physical Impairment

Answer 10

abnormalities or dysfunctions of the bone, joint, ligaments, tendons, muscles, nerves or skin, or problems with movement resulting from pathology in the brain, spinal cord cardiovascular, or pulmonary system.

Question 11

Functional Limitation

Answer 11

are inabilities of a patient/client to function adequately in his or her environment.

EX: Inability to ambulate or inability to perform ADL such as brushing the hair, washing the face or dressing.

Question 12

Disability

Answer 12

physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities

Question 13

What is HIPAA

Answer 13

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Question 14

Who the only person is that can supervise a physical therapist assistant?

Answer 14

A licensed Physical Therapist