PT9111 - Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the cerebellum receive input from? What pathway?

A

Cortex via the pons (motor plan; intended movement)
Corticopontocerebellar pathway

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2
Q

Where does the cerebellum receive position sense information? What pathway?

A

Peripheries (what movement actually happened).
Spinocerebellar pathways

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3
Q

What tract is used for the cerebellum to send information (movement correction)?

A

Cerebellothalamocortical

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4
Q

Where does the corticopontocerebellar pathway run?

A

Cortex, pons, middle cerebellar peduncle, purkinje fibers, deep cerebellar nuclei

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5
Q

What are the three deep cerebellar nuclei (from medial to lateral)?

A

Fastigial nuclei, interposed nuclei, dentate nucleus

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6
Q

What does the fastigial nuclei output?

A

head, trunk, proximal limb movements, posture, gait, eye movements

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7
Q

What do the interposed and dentate nucleus output?

A

Progressively more distal limb movements ipsilaterally; multi-joint limb movements

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8
Q

Does the deep cerebellar nuclei have ipsilateral or contralateral somatotopy?

A

Ipsilateral

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9
Q

What information is relayed via the spinocerebellar pathway?

A

Non-conscious proprioception

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10
Q

Where are the cell bodies for 1st order neurons in the spinocerebellar pathways?

A

Dorsal root ganglion

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11
Q

Is there a 3rd order neuron in the spinocerebellar pathways?

A

No.

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12
Q

What are the spinocerebellar pathways? Which ones are crossed?

A

LE: dorsal (uncrossed) and ventral (crossed) spinocerebellar

UE: Cuneocerebellar (uncrossed) and rostral (uncrossed) spinocerebellar

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13
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

Compares motor plan to movement that occurred

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14
Q

What do cerebellar lesions impact?

A

Motor learning, ability to produce selective and coordinated movement (includes speech, language, and working memory)

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15
Q

How do cerebellar lesions present clinically?

A

Normal strength, normal conscious proprioception, ABNORMAL movement

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16
Q

What are some examples of abnormal movement?

A

Ataxia, dyssynergia, dysdiadokinesia, difficulty dealing with interaction torques, poor anticipatory control, dysmetria, saccadic dysmetria, nystagmus, intention tremor, asthenia

17
Q

What is an intention tremor?

A

Oscillatory, involuntary muscle contractions during voluntary movement (~5Hz). The tremor is not present at rest (cerebellar lesions do NOT cause resting tremors)

18
Q

What is the prognosis for traumatic or degenerative cerebellar lesions?

A

Poor

19
Q

What are some recovery strategies for cerebellar lesions?

A

Aerobic exercise (asthenia), break movements down (movement correction), simple tasks with reduces DOF (encourage Purkinje synapses)

20
Q

What are some compensatory strategies for cerebellar lesions?

A

Frequent breaks (planning and pacing), visual cues (mirror), gait aids