PT Vocabulary and terms Flashcards
Capillarity or Capillary action
The tendency of liquids to penetrate or migrate into small openings such as cracks, pits, or fissures.
Color-Contrast Dye
A dye which can be used in a penetrant to impart sufficient color intensity to give good color contrast in indications against the background of the surface being tested, when viewed under WHITE LIGHT.
Crack Contaminate
Material which fills a crack and which may prevent penetrants from entering
Dark Adaptation
The adjustment of the pupils of the eyes and internal eye changes, when one passes from bright to a darkened space. This adjustment permits maximum seeing in the dim area.
Defect
A discontinuity the size, shape, orientation, or location of which makes it detrimental to the useful service of the party in which it occurs
Developer
A finely divided material (powder) applied over the surface of a part to help bring out penetrant indications
Developing Time
the time between the application of the developer and the examination of the part for indications
Discontinuity
An opening in a part representing an actual break in continuity, permitting penetrant to enter when it breaks the surface. The term is usually applied to material flaws rather than to intended openings resulting from design, or assembly of separate parts
Emulsifier
A material which, applied over the film of the penetrant on the surface of a part, mixes with the penetrant and enables it to be washed off the surface with water
Emulsification Time
The time allowed for the emulsifier to act on the penetrant before the part is washed, after emulsifier is applied as a separate step
Evaluation:
The process of deciding as to the severity of the condition after the indication has been interpreted. Evaluation leads to the decision as to whether the part must be rejected, salvaged or may be accepted for use
Fluorescence
The property of a substance which enables it to receive light energy of one wave length, covert a portion of it to a different and longer wave length and re-emit the energy as visible light
Fluorescent Dye
A dye that becomes fluorescent, giving off light, when it is exposed to ultraviolet or near ultraviolet light
Indication
The visible evidence of penetrant that has come out of a discontinuity, indicating to the inspector that some sort of surface opening is present.
Indication, False
A penetrant indication on the surface of a part not caused by an actual discontinuity but by some other non-relevant circumstance
Interpretation
The process of judging from an indication of a discontinuity what the cause of the indication and the nature of the discontinuity actually all.
Penetrability
The property of a penetrant that causes it to find its way into very fine openings, such as cracks
Penetrant
The fluid, usually a liquid, but it can be a gas, that when applied to a test piece, will enter any flaws present due to the capillary action of the penetrant material and will produce an indication of the flaw
Penetrant, Color Contrast
A penetrant incorporating a dye usually non-fluorescent, sufficiently intense to give good visibility to flaw indications under white light
Penetrant, Post Emulsification
A type of penetrant containing no emulsifier, but which is cleaned from a surface with water after applying an emulsifier as a separate step. The term is ofter abbreviated as “P.E.” penetrant or “P.E.” Method
Penetrant, Water Washable
A type of penetrant which incorporates an emulsifier, thus making it possible to clean a surface coated with such a penetrant by means of water
Penetrating Time
The time allowed, after penetrant has been applied to a surface, for the penetrant to enter discontinuities which may be present also called “dwell time”.
Remover
A material which, when added to rinse water, assists in removing penetrant from test surfaces.
Surface Tension
That property of liquids which, due to molecular forces, tends to bring the contained volume into a form having the least superficial area.
Water-Washability
The property of a penetrant that permits it to be cleaned from the surface of a part by washing with water
(T/F)Visual testing of materials, test objects and complete products is the principal means of determining adequate quality of parts.
true
(T/F)The liquid penetrant method detects the presence of cracks of other physical discontinuities both open to the surface and volumetric.
false
(T/F)Liquid penetrant testing evolved from the oil and whiting test
true
(T/F)Liquid penetrant is used to avoid failure, prevent accident, save human life, and to lower manufacturing costs.
true
(T/F)Liquid penetrant testing can be used on a wide variety of materials including ferrous and nonferrous metals and alloys and nonfired ceramics
false
(T/F)Liquid penetrant testing can be used for in-service checks to resolve production problems early
true
(T/F)there are three basic classification types by dye
true
(T/F)Type I fluorescent penetrant testing is further classified by five sensitivity levels
true
(T/F)Type I and II are further classified by the method of removal of excess penetrant
true
(T/F)Developers are classified as dry, wet, and nonaqueous.
true
(T/F)Solvents are divided into halogen and nonhalogen
false
(T/F)Recommended practice No. SNT-TC-1A is required to be followed for the written practice
false
(T/F)ANSI/ASNT CP-189 - standard for qualification and certification of nondestructive personnel is used as a guideline when required by the specification
false
(T/F)ACCP-ASNT central certification program is recognized nationally as a certifying agent.
true
(T/F)Required testing consist of general, specific, practical and method for all levels of certification in nondestructive testing
false
(T/F)A high school diploma or a general education diploma is required for certification as a nondestructive testing technician.
false
(T/F)Exhaust fans should be installed for the use of wet developers to remove fumes
false
Ultraviolet lamp filters are used to prevent technicians from getting sun burned while performing tests
false
When was fluorescent dye added to the oil for penetrant tests?
1940
What method was first used by the railroad industries in the 1900s?
Oil and Whiting
What are the 3 types of liquid penetrant
Fluorescent, visible, Dual mode (visible/fluorescent)
What is a Method
The method used for the removal of excess penetrant
3 functions of developer
Provide contrast, aid in capillary action, blotting
Dwell Time
7 minutes (typically)
what do you do if penetrants start to dry out
re wet the test area
what is the capillary action
pulling the dye into and then back out of the defect
what is the most important step in PT
precleaning
what do you NEVER do when Penetrant testing a piece?
spray solvent directly onto tool for excess removal
What level of fluorescence sensitivity does drillco require
high
What are the 4 methods of removal?
A: water washable (don’t overwash)
B: Lipophilic postemulsifiable (P.E. wipe)
C: Solvent removable (wipe with damp cloth with solvent, NOT WET, DO NOT SPRAY TOOL WITH SOLVENT. most common in the field)
D: Hydrophilic Postemulsifiable (scrubber, no wipe, big water drops)
What are the developer forms
A: dry powder
B:Water soluble
C: Water suspendable
D: Nonaqueous type I (fluorescent)
what are the 3 basic classification types
Type I: fluorescent penetrant
Type II: visible penetrant (color contrast) (red dye)
Type III: Dual mode
