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PT S 1 Flashcards

1
Q

ROM vs Stretching (PRE)

A

ROM is the specific joint or limb movement to decrease pain, prevent contracture, promote circulation.
Stretching includes applying force over time in the end range of the tissue to create lasting changes in the tissue, which helps increase ROM, reduce posture impairment, etc.

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2
Q

2 signs of too much or the wrong motion?

A

increased pain and increased inflammation

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3
Q

What is CPM and its benefits

A

Continous passive motion performed by a mechanical device that moves joint slowly during ROM.
BENEFITS: preventing development of contractures and joint stiffness, healing of tendons and ligaments, healing, increasing synovial fluid lubrication, etc.

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4
Q

What joint motion are achieved during sit to stand

A

ankle dorsiflexion causes knee flexion
ankle plantar flexion causes knee extension
hip extensors causes knee extension

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5
Q

3 dimensions/ domains of wellness/ health

A

social, occupational, spiritual, physical and intellectual.

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6
Q

Health people 2030

A

Its a prevention agenda with goals of eliminate health disparities, achieve health equality, etc

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7
Q

activities such as health promotion and exercise designed to PREVENT a disease

A

Primary prevention

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8
Q

early diagnosis and reduction of the severity or duration of existing disease and sequalae

A

secondary prevention

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9
Q

use of rehabilitant to reduce the degree or limit the existing disability, chronic irreversible conditions

A

tertiary prevention

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10
Q

why is important to know the risk factor for disabilities for osteoporosis or coronary artery disease

A

because osteoporosis causes bones to become weak which can lead to fractures and cardiovascular factors can also be dangerous if you dont have control over them.

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11
Q

evidence- based practice steps

A
  • identify if patients problem and question it
    -search clinically relevant information
  • critically analize the info and make judgment about quality of info
    -integrate and incorporate finding and decision into pt management
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12
Q

contract relax (CR)

A

used to improve PROM while contracting.

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13
Q

hard end feel

A

bone contracting

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14
Q

firm end feel

A

muscular or ligament stretch

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15
Q

soft end feel

A

soft tissue approximation

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16
Q

Acute stage: inflammation- phase l maximum protection

A

control inflammation (ice), PROM, joint mobilization, protection and AD as indicated.
edema, pain, muscle spasm

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17
Q

Subacute stage: proliferation, repair, healing - phase ll moderate protection

A

mobile scar: selective stretching. Resistive stabilization open closed chain, endurance, balance exercises, progression intensity and range.
joint effusion, muscle weakness

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18
Q

Chronic stage: maturation and remodeling- phase lll min to no protection

A

functional independence, strengthening and endurance exercises. drills.
decreased performance
Phase lV: progress to sports and specific training

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19
Q

signs of excessive stress with exercise or activities

A

soreness doesnt decreased without 4 hrs to 24 hrs, increased feeling and stiffness, decreased ROM, signs of inflammation

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20
Q

neurological injury, immobilization, muscle imbalance are examples of?

A

causes of impaired or decreased ROM

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21
Q

associated with joint instability, decreased extensibility in soft tissue

A

HYPOmobility

22
Q

definition of mobility

A

ability of body structures or segments to move so that ROM for functional activities is allowed

23
Q

determinants of stretching interventions

A

alignment, intensity, speed, frequency, mode

24
Q

muscle strength

A

the force generated by a muscle or muscle group during a single maximum effort to overcome resistance

25
training using dynamic exercises against submaximal load over progressive time improves what?
muscle endurance
26
increasing the resistance for scapular squeezes after the pt is able to perform multiple repetitions of their previous one rep max is and example of what?
overload principle
27
isokinetic exercise
provides constant velocity but doesnt provide constant load, special equipment is necessary, accommodates for muscle fatigue
28
closed chain exercise
body moves on distal segment that is fixed or stabilized on supported surface, simultaneous movement of distal and proximal joints, typically WB exercise.
29
characteristics of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)
increased soreness seen during passive lengthening of involved muscle groups, frequently after eccentric exercise than isometric, peaks 48-72 hrs after exercise.
30
open chain exercise
distal segment moves in space, movemnt of body segments distal to moving joint, usually NWB
31
3 types of contractures
Myostatic: muscle shortened and loss of ROM Pseudomyostatic: central nervous lesion, impaired moblity Arthrogenic periaticular; result of intra - articular pathology
32
contracture vs contraction
contracture is shortening, contracture is acute onset of a lesion
33
Muscle Spindle vs Golgi Tendon Organ
The key difference between muscle spindle and Golgi tendon organ is that muscle spindle is a sensory organ that senses the changes in muscle length and the rate of lengthening, while Golgi tendon organ is a sensory organ that senses the changes in muscle tension.
34
stretching recommendations for
Alignment and Stabilization: its important to stabilize either the proximal or distal attachment site of the muscle-tendon until being elongated. Intensity of Stretch: intensity can be determined by estimating the subjective sensation to stretch or by measuring the passive resistance of tissue. Duration of Stretch: the shorter the duration of a single stretch cycle, the greater the number of repetitions needed during a stretching session. Speed of Stretch: to minimize muscle activation during stretching and reduce the risks of tissue injury and post stretch muscle soreness, stretch force should be applied and released at a slow rate. Frequency of Stretch: the optimal frequency of stretching is based on factors such as underlying cause of impaired mobility, the quality and level of tissue healing and the chronicity and severity of contracture. Mode of Stretch: how the force is applied and who is actively participating in the process.
35
how long after using the overload principle takes to increase muscle fiber diameter
4 weeks
36
contraction types in order of greatest force to least
1. eccentric 2. isometric 3. concentric
37
when should you use low intensity in stages of healing
Early stages of soft tissue healing, after prolonged immobilization when the articular cartilage is not able to withstand large compressive forces, to evaluate the patient’s response to resistance exercise, when initially learning and exercise, etc.
38
when should you use high intensity in stages of healing
When the goal of exercise is to increase muscle strengthen power, after a musculoskeletal injury in a preparation for returning to high demand occupational or recreation activities, conditioning, competitive training weightlifting.
39
aerobic training is dependent on exercise of sufficient...
frequency, intensity, time
40
Myocardial oxygen consumption
allows the coronary arteries to provide maximum blood flow to the heart
41
Define MET.
Metabolic equivalents. The energy you use when you’re resting The oxygen consumed (milliliters) per kilogram of body weight per minute.
42
during exercise for a healthy adult, systolic BP should not exceed ____________, and diastolic should not exceed ______________.
250,115
43
How would use the FITT-VP model to develop an aerobic training program?
The FITT principle stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type of training. Each of these is a variable that can be adjusted to create a training program or sessions to target aerobic or anaerobic training. Aerobic training is training that aims to improve an athlete's aerobic power or VO2max.
44
refers to the degeneration of a tendon due to repetitive microtrauma
tendinosis
45
overuse syndrome occur
as the result of repetitive, submaximal stress of a muscle or tendon
46
stage where soft tissue is being remodeled and matured of collagen in the scar
chronic stage
47
characteristics of a grade 1 tissue injury
mid swelling, local tenderness an pain, mid pain at the time of injury within 24 hrs
48
definition of subluxation
an incomplete or partial dislocation of the bony partners in a joint
49
where does tendon strength occurs
at the musculotendinous junction
50

PT S Exam 1 (1 decks)

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