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orthodontics > pt assessment, diagnosis & planning > Flashcards

pt assessment, diagnosis & planning Flashcards

1
Q

Which 4 things make up a patient history?

(3 histories + reason)

A
  1. Presenting Complaint
  2. RMH
  3. Dental History
  4. Social History
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2
Q

Describe the positioning of the mandible in a Class I skeletal pattern.

A

Mandible is 2-3mm posterior to the maxilla.

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3
Q

Describe the positioning of the mandible in a Class II skeletal pattern.

A

Mandible is retruded (backwards displacement; more than 3mm) relative to the maxilla.

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4
Q

Describe the positioning of the mandible in a Class III skeletal pattern.

A

Mandible is protruded (in front; ≤ 1mm) relative to the maxilla.

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5
Q

Which 2 things are looked at when examining the soft tissues?

A
  1. Lips (competency)
  2. Tongue (any irregular activity which may lead to an anterior open bite)
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6
Q

If irregular activity is noticed in a patient, what might this have caused for the patient?

A

An anterior open bite.

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7
Q

When assessing the patient, what is a common type of habit which may be present?

A

Tongue sucking.

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8
Q

When conducting an extraoral assessment, which position should the patient be viewed from?

A

The side.

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9
Q

When assessing an orthodontic patient, which 2 soft tissue points (A and B) should be looked at?

A

A - the deepest concavity of the maxilla.

B - the deepest concavity of the mandible.

dip under both lips

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10
Q

Where is the Frankfort plane located?

A

It is a line from the upper EAM (the tragus) to the lower border for the orbital margin.

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11
Q

What may influence the positioning of dental bases A and B?

A

Incisors - their proclination or retroclination.

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12
Q

How would the Frankfort Mandibular Plane Angle be assessed?

A
  1. By placing 1 hand level with the frankfort plane and the other level with the lower border of the mandible.
  2. Extrapolate these lines until they cross.
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13
Q

What does the average FMPA measure?

A

27º +/- 4º

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14
Q

Where does the FMPA commonly decussate?

A

At the back of the head.

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15
Q

If the patient has an increased FMPA, where would the 2 lines meet?

A

Before the back of the head.

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16
Q

If the patient has a decreased FMPA, where would it the lines be expected to decussate?

A

Beyond the back of the head.

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17
Q

Describe where the facial thirds are.

A

1 - From trichion (hairline) to glabella (eyebrows).

2 - Glabella to subnasale (bottom of nose).

  1. Subnasale to Gnathion (chin).
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18
Q

Describe the size distribution of the facial thirds.

A

They should all be equal.

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19
Q

Which 5 things are noted when examining incisors?

A
  1. Class
  2. Overjet (normal, increased, reduced, edge to edge)
  3. Overbite (complete, incomplete, open)
  4. Crossbite (+/- displacement)
  5. Centrelines (coincident or displaced)
20
Q

When assessing the buccal segments during an orthodontic assessment, what should be looked at?

A

Molar occlusion and crossbites.

21
Q

When assessing the upper and lower arch separately, which segments should be assessed?

A
  1. Labial segment (angulation, rotation, crowding/spacing).
  2. Canines (angulation, rotation, crowding/spacing).
  3. Buccal segments (crowding)
22
Q

What is incisal relationship?

A

How the lower incisor relates to the cingulum plateau.

23
Q

Name the 4 types of incisal relationships.

A
  1. Class 1
  2. Class II div 1
  3. Class 2 div 2
  4. Class 3
24
Q

What is the cingulum plateau?

A

The incisal curvature on the palatal aspect.

25
Q

What is a Class 1 Incisal Relationship?

A

When the lower incisor edges occlude immediately below the cingulum plateau of the upper centrals.

26
Q

Describe a Class 2 Div 1 relationship.

A

Lower incisor edges lie posterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper centrals.

May be because the upper centrals are proclined with an overjet.

27
Q

Describe a Class 2 Div 2 incisal relationship.

A

Where the lower incisal gene lies posterior to the cingulum plateau of upper incisors due to the uppers being retroclined.

28
Q

Describe a Class III incisal relationship.

A

The lower incisor edges lie in front of the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors.

29
Q

What is an overjet?

A

The distance between the upper and lower incisor teeth in horizontal plane.

30
Q

What would be a normal overjet?

A

Between 2-4mm

31
Q

What is an overbite?

A

The vertical overlap of the upper and lower incisors when viewed antieriorly.

32
Q

What would be classed as a normal overbite?

A

Third-half coverage of lower incisors.

33
Q

How is an overjet measured?

A

With a ruler when the pt is back in the chair.

From the labial surface of lower incisors to incisal edge of the upper incisors.

34
Q

What are the 3 descriptions of an overbite?

A
  1. Increased / Decreased
  2. Complete / Incomplete
  3. Traumatic
35
Q

What is a traumatic overbite?

A

When occlusion of the lower incisors with the palatal mucosa has led to ulceration.

36
Q

What is an anterior open bite?

A

When there is a visible open space between the upper and lower incisors.

37
Q

What is an anterior crossbite?

A

Where the lower anterior teeth are ahead of the upper anteriors.

e.g: lower incisors are ahead of the uppers.

38
Q

What are the 2 types of posterior crossbite?

A
  1. Buccal Crossbite
  2. Lingual Crossbite (scissor)
39
Q

What are 2 complications of an anterior crossbite?

A
  1. Premature contact causing mandibular displacement.
  2. Gingival Recession
40
Q

What is a Class I relationship.

A

Upper canine tip occludes in between the lower canine and first premolar.

41
Q

What is a Class II canine relationship?

A

Where the canine occludes in front of the abrasure (gap between lower 3 and 4).

42
Q

What is a Class III canine relationship?

A

Where the canine lies behind the abrasure.

43
Q

Describe a Class I molar relationship/

A

Where the MB cusp of the upper 6 occludes with the MB groove of the lower 6.

44
Q

Describe a class II molar relationship?

A

MB cusp of the lower 6 occludes DISTAL to class I position.

45
Q

Describe a Class III molar relationship.

A

MB cusp of the lower 6 occludes MESIAL to the class I position.

46
Q

What 3 things are included in an Orthodontic Problem List?

A
  1. Pathology (impacted canine, caries).
  2. Skeletal Pattern (incr overjet, crowding.
  3. Lips (competent or incompetent)

orthodontics (5 decks)

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