pt assessment, diagnosis & planning

Question 1

Which 4 things make up a patient history?

(3 histories + reason)

Answer 1

1. Presenting Complaint
2. RMH
3. Dental History
4. Social History

Question 2

Describe the positioning of the mandible in a Class I skeletal pattern.

Answer 2

Mandible is 2-3mm posterior to the maxilla.

Question 3

Describe the positioning of the mandible in a Class II skeletal pattern.

Answer 3

Mandible is retruded (backwards displacement; more than 3mm) relative to the maxilla.

Question 4

Describe the positioning of the mandible in a Class III skeletal pattern.

Answer 4

Mandible is protruded (in front; ≤ 1mm) relative to the maxilla.

Question 5

Which 2 things are looked at when examining the soft tissues?

Answer 5

1. Lips (competency)
2. Tongue (any irregular activity which may lead to an anterior open bite)

Question 6

If irregular activity is noticed in a patient, what might this have caused for the patient?

Answer 6

An anterior open bite.

Question 7

When assessing the patient, what is a common type of habit which may be present?

Answer 7

Tongue sucking.

Question 8

When conducting an extraoral assessment, which position should the patient be viewed from?

Answer 8

The side.

Question 9

When assessing an orthodontic patient, which 2 soft tissue points (A and B) should be looked at?

Answer 9

A - the deepest concavity of the maxilla.

B - the deepest concavity of the mandible.

dip under both lips

Question 10

Where is the Frankfort plane located?

Answer 10

It is a line from the upper EAM (the tragus) to the lower border for the orbital margin.

Question 11

What may influence the positioning of dental bases A and B?

Answer 11

Incisors - their proclination or retroclination.

Question 12

How would the Frankfort Mandibular Plane Angle be assessed?

Answer 12

1. By placing 1 hand level with the frankfort plane and the other level with the lower border of the mandible.
2. Extrapolate these lines until they cross.

Question 13

What does the average FMPA measure?

Answer 13

27º +/- 4º

Question 14

Where does the FMPA commonly decussate?

Answer 14

At the back of the head.

Question 15

If the patient has an increased FMPA, where would the 2 lines meet?

Answer 15

Before the back of the head.

Question 16

If the patient has a decreased FMPA, where would it the lines be expected to decussate?

Answer 16

Beyond the back of the head.

Question 17

Describe where the facial thirds are.

Answer 17

1 - From trichion (hairline) to glabella (eyebrows).

2 - Glabella to subnasale (bottom of nose).

3. Subnasale to Gnathion (chin).

Question 18

Describe the size distribution of the facial thirds.

Answer 18

They should all be equal.

Question 19

Which 5 things are noted when examining incisors?

Answer 19

1. Class
2. Overjet (normal, increased, reduced, edge to edge)
3. Overbite (complete, incomplete, open)
4. Crossbite (+/- displacement)
5. Centrelines (coincident or displaced)

Question 20

When assessing the buccal segments during an orthodontic assessment, what should be looked at?

Answer 20

Molar occlusion and crossbites.

Question 21

When assessing the upper and lower arch separately, which segments should be assessed?

Answer 21

1. Labial segment (angulation, rotation, crowding/spacing).
2. Canines (angulation, rotation, crowding/spacing).
3. Buccal segments (crowding)

Question 22

What is incisal relationship?

Answer 22

How the lower incisor relates to the cingulum plateau.

Question 23

Name the 4 types of incisal relationships.

Answer 23

1. Class 1
2. Class II div 1
3. Class 2 div 2
4. Class 3

Question 24

What is the cingulum plateau?

Answer 24

The incisal curvature on the palatal aspect.

Question 25

What is a Class 1 Incisal Relationship?

Answer 25

When the lower incisor edges occlude immediately below the cingulum plateau of the upper centrals.

Question 26

Describe a Class 2 Div 1 relationship.

Answer 26

Lower incisor edges lie posterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper centrals. May be because the upper centrals are proclined with an overjet.

Question 27

Describe a Class 2 Div 2 incisal relationship.

Answer 27

Where the lower incisal gene lies posterior to the cingulum plateau of upper incisors due to the uppers being retroclined.

Question 28

Describe a Class III incisal relationship.

Answer 28

The lower incisor edges lie in front of the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors.

Question 29

What is an overjet?

Answer 29

The distance between the upper and lower incisor teeth in horizontal plane.

Question 30

What would be a normal overjet?

Answer 30

Between 2-4mm

Question 31

What is an overbite?

Answer 31

The vertical overlap of the upper and lower incisors when viewed antieriorly.

Question 32

What would be classed as a normal overbite?

Answer 32

Third-half coverage of lower incisors.

Question 33

How is an overjet measured?

Answer 33

With a ruler when the pt is back in the chair. From the labial surface of lower incisors to incisal edge of the upper incisors.

Question 34

What are the 3 descriptions of an overbite?

Answer 34

1. Increased / Decreased 2. Complete / Incomplete 3. Traumatic

Question 35

What is a traumatic overbite?

Answer 35

When occlusion of the lower incisors with the palatal mucosa has led to ulceration.

Question 36

What is an anterior open bite?

Answer 36

When there is a visible open space between the upper and lower incisors.

Question 37

What is an anterior crossbite?

Answer 37

Where the lower anterior teeth are ahead of the upper anteriors. e.g: lower incisors are ahead of the uppers.

Question 38

What are the 2 types of posterior crossbite?

Answer 38

1. Buccal Crossbite 2. Lingual Crossbite (scissor)

Question 39

What are 2 complications of an anterior crossbite?

Answer 39

1. Premature contact causing mandibular displacement. 2. Gingival Recession

Question 40

What is a Class I relationship.

Answer 40

Upper canine tip occludes in between the lower canine and first premolar.

Question 41

What is a Class II canine relationship?

Answer 41

Where the canine occludes in front of the abrasure (gap between lower 3 and 4).

Question 42

What is a Class III canine relationship?

Answer 42

Where the canine lies behind the abrasure.

Question 43

Describe a Class I molar relationship/

Answer 43

Where the MB cusp of the upper 6 occludes with the MB groove of the lower 6.

Question 44

Describe a class II molar relationship?

Answer 44

MB cusp of the lower 6 occludes DISTAL to class I position.

Question 45

Describe a Class III molar relationship.

Answer 45

MB cusp of the lower 6 occludes MESIAL to the class I position.

Question 46

What 3 things are included in an Orthodontic Problem List?

Answer 46

1. Pathology (impacted canine, caries). 2. Skeletal Pattern (incr overjet, crowding. 3. Lips (competent or incompetent)