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Foundations > PT > Flashcards

PT Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of health?

A

A state of complete physical, mental, social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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2
Q

What is the definition of rehabilitation?

A

A set of measures that assist individuals who experience disability to achieve and maintain optimal functioning in interactions with their environment

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3
Q

What is the rehabilitation process?

A

identify problems and needs - relate problems to modifiable and limiting factors - define target problems and target mediators, select appropriate measures - plan, implement, and coordinate interventions. - assess effects - repeat

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4
Q

What are the outcomes/goals of rehabilitation?

A

depends on various factors: condition being treated, age, availability of resources, and other psychosocial factors

general goals:
- prevention of loss of function
- slowing the rate of loss of function
- improvement or restoration of function
- compensation for lost function
- maintenance of current function

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5
Q

What are the rehabilitation categories?

A

Rehabilitation medicine, therapy, assistive technologies

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6
Q

What is rehabilitation medicine?

A

concerned with improving function through; diagnosis and treatment of health conditions, reducing impairments, preventing/treating complications

Drs with expertise in this area are called:
- physiatrists, rehabilitation doctors, and physical and rehabilitation specialists

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7
Q

What are some examples of other specialists involved in rehabilitation medicine?

A

psychiatrists. geriatricians, pediatricians, ophthalmologists, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons

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8
Q

What is therapy concerned with?

A

restoring and compensating for the loss of function, preventing/slowing decline in functioning, maintaining of current level of functioning

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9
Q

What kind of measures are included in therapy?

A

training, exercises and compensatory strategies
education
support and counselling
modifications to enviornment
provision of resources and assistive technologies

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10
Q

What are assistive technologies?

A

any item or equipment or product that: improves or maintains the functional capabilities of individuals

ex:
crutches, protheses, orthoses
wheel chairs, canes, walkers
hearing aids, cochlear implants
ocular devices, talking books
communication boards, speech synthesizers, etc

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11
Q

What is the definition of physical therapy?

A

one of the allied health professions that remediates impairments and promotes mobility and function by using physical agents like:

  • mechanical force and movements (bio-mechanics or kinesiology)
  • manual therapy
  • exercise therapy
  • electrotherapy and
  • other modalities (hydrotherapy)
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12
Q

What is the Family of International Classifications?

A

A set of integrated classifications that provide a common language for health information across the world

One of the classifications under FIC called the reference classifications is important in understandings the framework of rehabilitation

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13
Q

What are reference classifications

A

A classification under FIC
Approved for international reporting and cover the main parameters of health

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14
Q

What primary reference classifications is WHO responsible for?

A
  1. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD)
  2. International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
  3. International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI)
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15
Q

What is the international classification of diseases and related health problems?

A

The ICD is the international “standard diagnostic tool for epidemiology, health management and clinical purposes

Tells us what the patient has but not their level of functioning

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16
Q

What is the international classification of functioning, disability and health

A

The ICF provides a standard language and framework for the description of health and health-related status

Includes functioning as well as the problem

Both at individual and population levels

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17
Q

What is the international classification of Health Interventions?

A

The ICHI is being developed to provide a common tool for reporting and analyzing health interventions for statistical purposes

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18
Q

What interventions does the ICHI cover?

A

diagnostic, medical, surgical, mental health, primary care, allied health, functioning support, rehabilitation, traditional medicine and public health

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19
Q

Explain the regulated health professionals’ act

A

RHPA - set out the governing framework for the regulated health professions in Ontario.

20
Q

What is the purpose of RHPA?

A

Better protect and serve the public interest;
Be a more open and accountable system of self-governance
Provide a more modern framework for the work of health professionals
Provide consumers with freedom of choice
Provide mechanisms to improve quality of care

21
Q

What are the features of the RHPA?

A

Scope of practice, controlled acts, health regulatory colleges, health professions regulatory advisory council, health professionals appeal and review board

22
Q

What are authorized acts for PTs? What is included?

A

PTs performing controlled acts under their own authority must roster for each of these activities with the College

Includes:
- tracheal suction
- spinal manipulation
- acupuncture
- treating a wound below the dermis
- internal pelvic exams
- administering a substance by inhalation

23
Q

What is included in a PTs scope of practice?

A

Assessment of MSK, neuromuscular and CR symptoms
Diagnosis of diseases or disorders associated with physical dysfunction, injury or pain
Treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention or relief of physical dysfunction, injury or pain
- develop, maintain, rehabilitate or augment function and promote mobility

24
Q

What is the regulatory college of PT?

A

College of physiotherapists (of Ontario)
Regulates physiotherapists, also known as physical therapists, to ensure:

  • the ongoing improvement of the practice of physiotherapists and
  • to serve the public interest
    resources available for both PTs and the general public
25
Q

What competencies or skills are required to be a PT?

A

physiotherapy expertise, professionalism, communication, scholarship (evidence-based learning), collaboration, leadership, management

26
Q

What does physiotherapy expertise involve?

A
  • employ a client-centred approach
  • ensure the physical and emotional safety of the client
  • conduct client assessment
  • establish a diagnosis and prognosis
  • develop, implement, monitor and evaluate an intervention plan
  • complete or transition care
  • plan, deliver and evaluate programs
27
Q

What type of communication is necessary for PT?

A
  • oral and non-verbal communication effectively
  • use written communication effectively
  • adapt communication approach to context
  • use communication tools and technologies effectively
28
Q

What type of collaboration is done in PT?

A
  • promote an integrated approach to client services
  • facilitate collaborative relationships
  • contribute to effective teamwork
  • contribute to conflict resolution
29
Q

What is included under the “management” core competency?

A
  • support organizational excellence
  • utilize resources efficiently and effectively
  • ensure a safe practice environment
  • engage in quality improvement activities
  • supervise others
  • manage practice information safely and effectively
30
Q

What is included under the leadership core competency?

A
  • champion the health needs of clients
  • promote innovation in healthcare
  • contribute to leadership in the profession
31
Q

What is included under the scholarship core competency?

A
  • use an evidence-informed approach in practice
  • engage in scholarly inquiry
  • integrate self-reflection and external feedback to improve personal practice
  • maintain currency with developments relevant to the area of practice
  • contribute to the learning of others
32
Q

What is included under the professionalism core competency?

A
  • comply with legal and regulatory requirements
  • behave ethically
  • embrace social responsibility as a health professional
  • act with professional integrity
  • maintain personal wellness consistent with the needs of practice
33
Q

What are the four basic practice setting categories for PT’s

A
  • private
  • acute care
  • community/ home health
  • rehabilitation
34
Q

What is the most common private practice setting?

A
  • Outpatient clinic
35
Q

What does private practice primarily address?

A
  • MSK (orthoepdic) issues
  • neuromuscular injuries or impairments
36
Q

What type of patient population can be served in a home setting?

A
  • older adults
  • pediatric patients with developmental disabilities and other conditions
  • individuals needing rehabilitation due to long term illness
37
Q

Where is home health care provided?

A
  • patients residence
  • nursing facility
  • residential facility
  • hospice
  • caregivers home
38
Q

What is acute care in physiotherapy?

A
  • a branch of secondary health care where a patient receives:
  • active but short-term treatment
  • for severe injury of episode illness,
  • for an urgent medical condition or
  • during recovery from surgery
    also includes: inpatient physical therapy, assessments and treatments when in hosptial,
39
Q

What type of patients participates in acute care physiotherapy

A
  • cardiac conditions
  • oncology
  • ICU
  • MSK - functional mobility (bed mobility, transfers, ambulation)
  • neurology
40
Q

What is a modality?

A

the way or mode in which a procedure is done

41
Q

What is a therapeutic modality?

A

modalities that enhance treatment goals of outcomes

42
Q

What are physical modalities? What are they dictated by?

A

physical agents that produce a specific therapeutic response

dictated by: the nature of the condition being treated, stage of the condition and the goal of treatment

43
Q

What are the main purposes for which physical modalities are used?

A

pain management, tissue healing, tissue function

44
Q

What is the most common reason people seek medical attention?

A

Pain management

45
Q

What does pain management focus on?

A

education-acceptance, pacing, relaxation strategies

46
Q

What is pain management aided by?

A

physiotherapy, pain relieving medications, nerve blocks - trigger points injections

47
Q

Explain the Gate control theory of pain

A
  • nonpainful input closes the nerve “gates’ to painful input, preventing pain sensation from travelling to the CNS
  • A painful, nociceptive stimulus stimulates primary afferent
    fibres and travels to the brain via transmission cells.

Foundations (4 decks)

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