psychotic disorders Flashcards
what are delusions?
rigid false beliefs that do not change despite convincing evidence to the contrary. Delusions may range from conceivable distortions to the bizarre.
what are persecutory delusions?
the person believes he/she is being followed, or is in danger from others
what are grandiose delusions?
the person believes he/she has superior abilities, wealth or notoriety
what are erotomania delusions?
the person believes others are in love with them
what are nihilistic delusions?
the person believes something catastrophic will occur
what are somatic delusions?
the person believes there is something wrong with his/her body or organs
what are hallucinations?
sensory perceptions that do not have an external source. They may be tactile, visual, auditory, or be hallucinations of tastes or smells. Visual hallucinations are the most common in delirium and types of dementia. Auditory hallucinations are the most common type in schizophrenic-type disorders. All hallucinations are vivid and real to the person having the hallucination. Voices heard in auditory hallucinations are perceived as separate from the individual’s own thoughts, and the voice(s) may be unrecognizable or familiar.
when do psychotic disorders typically appear?
typically appear in adolescence through to the 30’s. Mid-life onset (over 40) can happen, and is seen more often in women than men
what is the duration of a brief psychotic disorder?
more than a day but less than a month
what is the duration of Schizophreniform disorder:
psychotic symptoms present for less than six months
what is duration of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia?
psychotic symptoms must be present for at least six months
what is duration of psychotic symptoms in schizotypal Personality Disorder ?
hronic low-level symptoms with persistent personality disturbances. For example, a person that has jealous or erotomanic delusions and acts on them as though they were true. Insight is poor. Global functioning is better than in schizophrenia but legal, social, or work problems may occur. Aggressiveness is common.
Diagnostic Criteria – DSM-5
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Brief = 1-29
- Must have at least one of the following three symptoms. May have the fourth one as well.
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Disorganized Speech
- Grossly disorganized or catatonic behaviour - Duration 1 to 29 days. Returns to normal function afterwards.
- Not due to any physical cause, substance use, toxic exposures, or other mental illnesses.
Diagnostic Criteria – DSM-5
Schizophreniform Disorder
- Must have at least one of the following three symptoms, and may also have the fourth or fifth.
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Disorganized Speech
- Grossly disorganized or catatonic behaviour
- Negative symptoms: like anhedonia, diminished emotional expression, avolition - Episode lasting more than a month but less than six months
- No history or relation to a manic-depressive episode.
- Not attributable to any physical cause, substance use, toxic exposures or other mental illnesses.
diagnostic criteria DSM-5 for Schizophrenia
The same as Schizophreniform Disorder except:
The symptoms, signs, or disturbance must persist for more than six months, and
There is significant loss of functioning in major areas of life (work, school, social, self-care, et
Psychosis is a mental health disorder affecting behaviour, thoughts, emotions and ….. ?
perceptions
Positive symptoms of psychosis refer to evidence of active expressions of psychosis. An example of a positive symptom would be ?
Tactile hallucinations
Recovery from the first acute episode may be followed by:
social exclusion
social stigma
relationship problems
