psychotherapy Flashcards
CBT
Here and now and behavioural change
-Finding the cognitions that link the events and the emotional reactions
Psychodynamic therapy
Past events and their impact on current behaviour [Childhood events–> Therapist/patient interactions–> Defence mechanisms and current symptoms]
What can CBT be used for
Depression
Anxiety disorders: OCD, generalised, PtSD and phobias
Schizophrenia
BIpolar
What is the ABC analysis of CBT
Antecedent - the triggering event
Belief- Thoughts, attitudes, beliefs triggered by the event
Consequences- emotions, behaviours, physiological changes
How can a therapist assess the unconscious mind
Dream analysis
Free association- pt lying on the bed and speaking whatever comes to mind
Slips of the tongue
Transference and counter-transference
What is transference
Unconscious redirection of ones feelings from those towards significant others in ones childhood to the therapist
What is counter-transference
therapist transposing his/her feelings that they may have held for significant others in their childhood to the patient is called counter- transference
Mature defence mechanisms
Altruism
Anticipation (anticipate possible adverse events and prepare for them)
Humour
SUblimination- Channel potentially maladaptive impulses into socially acceptable behaviour (e.g. competitive sports channeling aggression)
Suppression
Affiliation- seek support
Neurotic defence mechanisms
-Displacement:
Transfer negative feelings about one person to another
-Externalization
Blame others
-Intellectualization:
Avoid painful emotions but getting stuck on details
-Repression:
Dispel disturbing thoughts/feelings from consciousness (unconsciously)
-Reaction formation:
Express the unconscious unacceptable impulse in the opposite – more acceptable form
Primitive defence mechanisms
-Denial
Refuse to acknowledge some aspect of reality
-Autistic fantasy
Day-dreaming to avoid reality
-Passive-aggressive
Expressing hostility without being openly aggressive
Acting out
Engage in inappropriate behaviour without consideration of consequences
Splitting
Black or white thinking
Projection
Falsely attribute unacceptable feelings to others
Psychoanalysis vs psychodynamic therapy
PSychoanalysis- focus is on developing insight through clarification and interpretation of unconscious conflict
Psychodynamic therapy- Less focus on unconscious conflicts- more on defence mechanisms and link with current symptoms
What is dialectical behavioural therapy
Helps people manage difficult emotions by letting them experience, recognise and accept them
What is problem solving therapy
Elicit practical problems Explain emotional symptoms Reassure Clarify the problem and collaboratively identify possible solutions Patient chooses most likely solution
What is interpersonal therapy
Using principles of active listening, empathy, facilitation of emotional expression in the context of inter-personal relationships, the patient is encouraged to reframe and rebuild their relationships
What is supportive therapy
- Actively listen to patient’s concerns
- Develop therapeutic relationship
- Allow ventilation of emotions
- Identify and utilise patient’s strengths
- Promote self-management
- Involve and support carers
