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MD3002 - GI Health Psychology/Promotion, Public Health etc. > Psychosomatics - Irritable Bowel Syndrome > Flashcards

Psychosomatics - Irritable Bowel Syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

What is psychosomatics?

A

Psychosomatic disorders are disorders where emotional or psychological factors can impact on the syndrome

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2
Q

Give another term for psychosomatic

A

pyschophysiological

aligns to the BIO, SOCIAL, PSYCHO model of illness

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3
Q

Give some common examples of psychosomatic disorders

A
  • asthma
  • atopic dermatitis
  • tension-type headaches
  • chronic fatigue syndrome
  • irritable bowel syndrome
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4
Q

What are functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs)

A

functional GI disorders are disorders of gut-brain interaction. It is a group of disorders classified by GI symptoms related to any combination of the following:

  • motility disturbance
  • visceral hypersensitivty
  • altered mucosal and immune function
  • altered gut microbiota
  • altered CNS processing
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5
Q

summarise the effect of psychosomatic disorders

A

those in which a persin emotional or psychological state can impact ipon symptoms

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6
Q

Outline irritable bowel syndrome

A
  • common condition that affects the digestive system
  • symptoms: stomach cramps, bloating, diarrhoea and constipation
  • lifelong problem
  • no cure (diet changes can control symptoms)
  • cause is unknown
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7
Q

What are the main symptoms of IBS

A
  • stomach cramps - worse after eating, better after doing a poo
  • bloating - full and swollen
  • diarrhoea - watery and urgency
  • constipation - straining and can’t empty bowels
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8
Q

What are the additional symptoms assoicated with IBS?

A
  • farting (flatulence)
  • passing mucus from your bottom
  • tiredness and a lack of energy
  • feeling sick (nausea)
  • backache
  • problems peeing - needing to pee ofte, urgency and can’t fully empty baldder
  • Incontinence
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9
Q

What is the occurence of IBS?

A
  • 20-30 years old
  • ~11% of the population
  • more common in women
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10
Q

Describe the Rome IV Criteria

A
  • In the last 3 months, with symptoms at lwast 6 months prior to diagnosis the individual experiences recurrent abdominal pain at least 1 day/week in the last 3 months associated with two or more of the following
    • related to defecation
    • associated with a change in frequency of stool
    • associated with a change in form of stool
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11
Q

What is the criteria in the UK to have a diagnosis of IBS?

A

in addition to the Rome IV criteria

  • a change in how you pass stools
  • bloating, hardness or tension in the abdomen
  • symtpoms worse after eating
  • passing mucus from rectum
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12
Q

What exclusion tests are usually carried out before diagnosing IBS?

A
  • blood tests to rule out other conditions (coeliac)
  • stool sample to rule out other conditions (calprotectin - IBD)
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13
Q

What areas does IBS mainly impact?

A
  • work
  • visits to health professionals
  • Health related quality of life
  • psychological health
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14
Q

Biological causes of IBS

A
  • abnormal muscle contraction
  • Serotonin receptos
  • Infection
  • Food intolence
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15
Q

Psychological causes of IBS

A
  • psychological disorders e.g. depression and anxiety
  • psyciatric disorders (40-60% of patients have FGID)
  • hyper-reactivity in the brain-gut interface
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16
Q

What are the social causes of IBS?

A
  • stressful life events
  • adverse childhood experiences (sexual, physical and emotional abuse)
  • social learning
17
Q

Draw a diagram of the common sense model of illness

A
18
Q

What are the main methods of management of IBS?

A
  • diet/lifestyle changes
  • drug treatments
  • complementary therapies
  • psychological approaches
19
Q

What are the recommened diet/lifestyle changes for IBS?

A
  • Food diary
    • food intolences
    • healthy diet
  • Assess activity levels
20
Q

First line drug treatments for IBS

A
  • antidiarrheal (loperamide)
  • Laxatives (not lactulose)
  • Antispasmodics
21
Q

Second line drug treatments for IBS

A
  • Antidepressants
    • TCAs
    • SSRIs
  • Laxatives (linaclotide only if previous laxatives have not worked)
22
Q

What complementary therapies are recommended for IBS?

A
  • Nutraceuticals
  • Chinese herbal medicine
  • probiotics
  • peppermint oil capsules
23
Q

What complementary therapies are not recommended if u have IBS?

A
  • acupuncture
  • reflexology
24
Q

What are the psychological approaches to treating IBS and when are the implemented

A

After 12 months

  • congitive behaviour therapy
  • hypnotherapy
  • psychological therapy
25
Q

What are the main targets of IBS treatment?

A
  • reducing disability
  • improving coping
  • reducing dependence on health care

MD3002 - GI Health Psychology/Promotion, Public Health etc. (5 decks)

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