Psychosocial midterm Flashcards
Denial
Refusing to believe something that causes anxiety
Projection
Believing that an unacceptable feeling of one’s own belong to someone else
Rationalization
Making excuses for unacceptable behavior or feelings
Conversion
Conflicts turned into real physical symptoms
Regression
Functioning at a more primitive developmental level than previously, going back to an immature pattern or behavior
Undoing
Trying to reverse the effects of what one has done by doing the opposite
Idealization
Overestimating someone or valuing him or her more than the real personality and person seem to merit
Identification
Adopting the habits of characteristics of another person
Sublimation
Unacceptable wishes channeled into socially acceptable activities
Substitution
A realistic goal or object substituted for one that cannot be achieved.
Compensation
Efforts to make up for personal deficits; this can also be a conscious effort
Denial example
A mother plans for her child who has an intellectual disability to be doctor
Projection example
A self-isolating patient in a work group says that other patients won’t talk to him.
Rationalization example
A teenager says he didn’t do his homework because he didn’t have the right kind of paper.
Conversion example
A girl with poor coordination gets a migraine headache when it is time for volleyball.
Regression example
A 7 year old child who is hospitalized for major surgery begins to walk on tiptoes and suck his thumb.
Undoing example
A patient accuses the therapist of trying to run his life. Later he brings her flowers.
Idealization example
A woman says that the group leader is the most handsome and kindest man in the world.
Identification example
A teenage girl begins to wear her hair just like her therapist does.
Sublimation example
A child who wants to cut things up to see how they work grows up to her a surgeon.
Substitution example
A young man fails the examination for the police department, and then takes a job as a security guard.
Compensation example
A women blind from birth, learns to travel without a can or any other aid.
Id
the part of the personality that contains the drives to self-preservation
object
Anything towards which the id directs its energies to satisfy a drive. Objects may be human or nonhuman
Superego
Part of the personality contains standards for behavior. Rules learned from parents and other authorities.
Ego
The part of the personality that regulates behavior by compromising among the demands of the id, the superego, and reality. Memory, perception, reality testing, and defense mechanisms. Work together in process of adapting to reality.
Action-consequence
person tries to change the person’s behavior(action) by the changing the consequences of the behavior. Therapist reward new adaptive behavior or ignore or not award the maladaptive behavior.
Reinforcement
therapists response to the client’s performance of the desired behavior.
Forward and backward chaining
Begin with the first step or the last step
Systematic desensitization
Technique for reducing fear(desensitizing) by guiding the person to relax and then gradually increasing exposure to the fear-provoking stimulus
Steps in behavioral treatment program
- identify terminal behavior 2. Determine the baseline by counting frequency of behavior. 3. Select a method counting and recording the behavior 4. Select a reinforcer that is meaningful to the patient. 5. determine schedule of reinforcement.
Cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)
work based on Aaron Beck. Human behavior is based on what we think and believe. What we think(cognition) determines how we act(behavior). Helps the person understand and change negative cognitions and this process brings about a change in behavior.
automatic thoughts
negative cognitions that occur without the person recognizing them or challenging their logic.
Attribution
thoughts meaning to an event.
Dialetical Behavioral Therapy(DBT)
form of CBT Marsha Linehan for borderline personality disorder patients. helps the patient acknowledge and tolerate unpleasant thoughts and self-destructive impulses and not act on impulses, even though it may be strong.
Role acquisition and Social Skills training
Mosey is the learning of the daily life, work, and leisure skills that enable one to participate in roles that are social and/or productive. Examples: student worker, family member, leisure participants and many others. Social skills training on the interpersonal skills needed to relate to other people, effectively in situations as varied as dating and applying for a job. Here and now behaviors how the person is functioning in the present.
Role acquisition and social skills training principles
- Client participation 2. Personalized goals 3. Ability-based goals 4. Increasing challenges 5. Natural progression 6. Client knowledge 7. Client awareness 8. Practice makes perfect 9. Parts of the whole 10. Imitation
Psychoeducation model
Not an OT model. An education approach used by many service providers to improve the skills of persons with mental disorders.Direct teaching and training. Therapist acts as an educator, providing lessons similar to classroom course, with objectives, learning activities, and homework. Training and development of skills on functional performance of everyday activities.
initiator-contributor
suggest new ideas or new ways of looking at a problem