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Psychosocial midterm > Psychosocial midterm > Flashcards

Psychosocial midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Denial

A

Refusing to believe something that causes anxiety

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2
Q

Projection

A

Believing that an unacceptable feeling of one’s own belong to someone else

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3
Q

Rationalization

A

Making excuses for unacceptable behavior or feelings

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4
Q

Conversion

A

Conflicts turned into real physical symptoms

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5
Q

Regression

A

Functioning at a more primitive developmental level than previously, going back to an immature pattern or behavior

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6
Q

Undoing

A

Trying to reverse the effects of what one has done by doing the opposite

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7
Q

Idealization

A

Overestimating someone or valuing him or her more than the real personality and person seem to merit

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8
Q

Identification

A

Adopting the habits of characteristics of another person

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9
Q

Sublimation

A

Unacceptable wishes channeled into socially acceptable activities

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10
Q

Substitution

A

A realistic goal or object substituted for one that cannot be achieved.

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11
Q

Compensation

A

Efforts to make up for personal deficits; this can also be a conscious effort

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12
Q

Denial example

A

A mother plans for her child who has an intellectual disability to be doctor

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13
Q

Projection example

A

A self-isolating patient in a work group says that other patients won’t talk to him.

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14
Q

Rationalization example

A

A teenager says he didn’t do his homework because he didn’t have the right kind of paper.

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15
Q

Conversion example

A

A girl with poor coordination gets a migraine headache when it is time for volleyball.

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16
Q

Regression example

A

A 7 year old child who is hospitalized for major surgery begins to walk on tiptoes and suck his thumb.

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17
Q

Undoing example

A

A patient accuses the therapist of trying to run his life. Later he brings her flowers.

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18
Q

Idealization example

A

A woman says that the group leader is the most handsome and kindest man in the world.

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19
Q

Identification example

A

A teenage girl begins to wear her hair just like her therapist does.

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20
Q

Sublimation example

A

A child who wants to cut things up to see how they work grows up to her a surgeon.

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21
Q

Substitution example

A

A young man fails the examination for the police department, and then takes a job as a security guard.

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22
Q

Compensation example

A

A women blind from birth, learns to travel without a can or any other aid.

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23
Q

Id

A

the part of the personality that contains the drives to self-preservation

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24
Q

object

A

Anything towards which the id directs its energies to satisfy a drive. Objects may be human or nonhuman

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25
Q

Superego

A

Part of the personality contains standards for behavior. Rules learned from parents and other authorities.

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26
Q

Ego

A

The part of the personality that regulates behavior by compromising among the demands of the id, the superego, and reality. Memory, perception, reality testing, and defense mechanisms. Work together in process of adapting to reality.

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27
Q

Action-consequence

A

person tries to change the person’s behavior(action) by the changing the consequences of the behavior. Therapist reward new adaptive behavior or ignore or not award the maladaptive behavior.

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28
Q

Reinforcement

A

therapists response to the client’s performance of the desired behavior.

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29
Q

Forward and backward chaining

A

Begin with the first step or the last step

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30
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Technique for reducing fear(desensitizing) by guiding the person to relax and then gradually increasing exposure to the fear-provoking stimulus

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31
Q

Steps in behavioral treatment program

A
  1. identify terminal behavior 2. Determine the baseline by counting frequency of behavior. 3. Select a method counting and recording the behavior 4. Select a reinforcer that is meaningful to the patient. 5. determine schedule of reinforcement.
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32
Q

Cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)

A

work based on Aaron Beck. Human behavior is based on what we think and believe. What we think(cognition) determines how we act(behavior). Helps the person understand and change negative cognitions and this process brings about a change in behavior.

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33
Q

automatic thoughts

A

negative cognitions that occur without the person recognizing them or challenging their logic.

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34
Q

Attribution

A

thoughts meaning to an event.

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35
Q

Dialetical Behavioral Therapy(DBT)

A

form of CBT Marsha Linehan for borderline personality disorder patients. helps the patient acknowledge and tolerate unpleasant thoughts and self-destructive impulses and not act on impulses, even though it may be strong.

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36
Q

Role acquisition and Social Skills training

A

Mosey is the learning of the daily life, work, and leisure skills that enable one to participate in roles that are social and/or productive. Examples: student worker, family member, leisure participants and many others. Social skills training on the interpersonal skills needed to relate to other people, effectively in situations as varied as dating and applying for a job. Here and now behaviors how the person is functioning in the present.

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37
Q

Role acquisition and social skills training principles

A
  1. Client participation 2. Personalized goals 3. Ability-based goals 4. Increasing challenges 5. Natural progression 6. Client knowledge 7. Client awareness 8. Practice makes perfect 9. Parts of the whole 10. Imitation
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38
Q

Psychoeducation model

A

Not an OT model. An education approach used by many service providers to improve the skills of persons with mental disorders.Direct teaching and training. Therapist acts as an educator, providing lessons similar to classroom course, with objectives, learning activities, and homework. Training and development of skills on functional performance of everyday activities.

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39
Q

initiator-contributor

A

suggest new ideas or new ways of looking at a problem

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40
Q

information seeker

A

asks for facts and further explanation of them

41
Q

Opinion seeker

A

Ask for opinions and feelings about issues under discussion

42
Q

Information giver

A

provides facts or information from own experience

43
Q

opinion giver

A

expresses feelings or beliefs not necessarily based on facts

44
Q

elaborator

A

spells out suggestions by giving examples or developing scenarios of how it might work out.

45
Q

coordinator

A

pulls ideas together by showing relationship among different ideas expressed

46
Q

Orienter

A

Focuses group on its goals, keeps discussion from wandering off the point, and so on.

47
Q

Evaluator critic

A

assesses accomplishments of group in relation to some standard

48
Q

Energizer

A

prods or arouses group to act, stimulates and boosts morale

49
Q

Procedural technician

A

performs routine tasks that help group accomplish its task

50
Q

Recorder

A

writes down main points or discussion, records group decisions

51
Q

Encourager

A

praises, accepts, and supports others in group; encourages different points of view

52
Q

Harmonizer

A

Settles differences between other members by reconciling disputes or relieves tension by joking

53
Q

Compromiser

A

Gives in to a dispute and changes his or her position to preserve group harmony

54
Q

Gatekeeper

A

Keeps communication going; this may mean asking others to speak or suggesting ways to give everyone a chance to talk.

55
Q

Help seeker

A

tries to get sympathy of group by acting helpless, victimized, or insecure

56
Q

Recognition seeker

A

calls attention to self by boasting, talking about own talents, insisting on having a powerful position and so on.

57
Q

Domestic violence cycle

A
  1. build up of tension 2. violent actions 3. contrition and appeasement of the victim
58
Q

recovery model

A

person-centered, person directed, perspective that demands that therapists take a back seat and allow the individual to direct and manage his or her own recovery. SAMHSA four major dimensions. Health, home, purpose, and community.

59
Q

Priniciples of recovery

A

Hope, person-driven, many pathways, holistic, peer support, relational, culture, addresses trauma, strengths/responsibility, and respect

60
Q

Substances in DSM-5

A

alcohol, caffeine, inhalants, cannabis, hallucinogens, opioids, sedatives, hypnotist, anxiolytics, stimulants, including cocaine, tobacco

61
Q

opiod

A

pain relievers include heroin,morphine, and meperidine(demerol). Oxycodone, hydrocodone, PCP, LSD,poppers

62
Q

Punning

A

think they are funny

63
Q

Clanging

A

words together that rhyme

64
Q

Grandiose

A

type-involves delusions that one is special or talented in some way or has made an important discovery.

65
Q

Erotomanic

A

type-delusional about another person being in love with the individual.

66
Q

Issues related to medication adherence

A

Patients adjust medications on their own to achieve balance and manage side effects in relation to the demands of everyday life.
Monitor client functional skills and invite client to discuss them.
Detect and report the use of other medications or substances.
Report any unusual findings to supervisory staff.

67
Q

Fentanyl

A

100 times more potent than Morphine!)

68
Q

Heroin

A

3 times more potent than Morphine)

69
Q

Manage pain

A 
Oxycontin
Vicodin
Morphine
Fentanyl 
Illegal street drug: heroine
70
Q

Substance use disorders

A

are patterns of symptoms resulting from the use of a substance that you continue to take, despite experiencing problems as a result.

71
Q

Substance-induced disorders

A

including intoxication, withdrawal, and other substance/medication-induced mental disorders, are detailed alongside substance use disorders.

72
Q

opiod diagnostic criteria

A

Taken in larger amounts over longer periods of time
Persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down
Spending a great deal of time on obtaining, using and recovering
Cravings
Recurrent use resulting in failure to fulfill life roles
Given up important occupations
Risky use
Increased tolerance
Withdrawal

73
Q

NAS

A

s what happens when babies are exposed to drugs in the womb before birth. Babies can then go through drug withdrawal after birth. The syndrome most often applies to opioid medicines.

74
Q

Developmental theory

A

Eriksons’s eight stages of psychosocial development.birth to 18mo trust vs. mistrust

75
Q

Emotional mind

A

reasoning and logical thinking difficult, uses only emotions to make decisions, reactive, tells us how we really are doing, use core psychological needs.

76
Q

Wise mind

A

intuitive thinking, arrangement and balance between rational and emotional mind, living mindful

77
Q

Rational mind

A

Approaches knowledge intellectually, thinks logically and uses past experience, uses facts and research as well as planning, focused.

78
Q

OT practice models

A 
Sensory integration (SI)
Sensory processing
Cognitive disabilities
Model of human occupation (MOHO)
Person-environment-occupational model (PEO)
Lifestyle Performance
Ecology of Human Performance
Occupation Adaptation
79
Q

Development of adaptive skills

A

stage by stage progression of developmental concepts. Six areas sensory integration skill, cognitive skill, dyadic interaction skill, group interaction skill, self-identity skill, sexual identity skill

80
Q

Principle 1 Client participation

A

the person should participate in identifying problems and goals for treatment and in evaluating his or her own progress.

81
Q

Principle 2 Personalized goals

A

choose goals and activities that reflect the client’s interests, personal, and cultural values, and present and future life roles.

82
Q

Principle 3 Ability based goals

A

choose goals and activities that provide a realistic challenge but are consistent with the client’s present level of ability.

83
Q

Principle 4 Increasing challenges

A

Increase challenges and demands as the person’s capacity increases

84
Q

Principle 5 Natural progression

A

Present skills in their natural developmental sequence.

85
Q

Principle 6 Client Knowledge

A

Clients should always know what they are supposed to be learning and why

86
Q

Principle 7 Client awareness

A

Client should be made aware of the effects of their actions.

87
Q

Principle 8 Practice makes perfect

A

Skills must be practiced repeatedly and then applied to new situations.

88
Q

Principle 9 Parts of the whole

A

If a task is too complex or time consuming to learn all at one time, teach one part at a time, but always do or show the whole activity.

89
Q

Principle 10 Imitation

A

People learn how to do things by imitating others

90
Q

DBT skills

A

Mindfulness,distress tolerance, emotional regulation, interpersonal effectiveness.

91
Q

Gradation of activity

A

introduction, attention span, decision making, self-awareness, social conduct and interpersonal skills, independence and self-direction

92
Q

Criteria substance use disorder

A

Taking the substance in larger amounts or for longer than you’re meant to.
Wanting to cut down or stop using the substance but not managing to.
Spending a lot of time getting, using, or recovering from use of the substance.
Cravings and urges to use the substance.
Not managing to do what you should at work, home, or school because of substance use.
Continuing to use, even when it causes problems in relationships.
Giving up important social, occupational, or recreational activities because of substance use.
Using substances again and again, even when it puts you in danger.
Continuing to use, even when you know you have a physical or psychological problem that could have been caused or made worse by the substance.
Needing more of the substance to get the effect you want (tolerance).
Development of withdrawal symptoms, which can be relieved by taking more of the substance.

93
Q

Mild use disorder

A

2-3 symptoms

94
Q

Moderate use disorder

A

4-5 symptoms

95
Q

Severe use disorder

A

6 or more symptoms.

96
Q

OT focus substance use disorders

A

Performance patterns
Time management and leisure participation
Relapse prevention
Cognition
Social interaction and communication skills
Daily living skills
Acquisition, development and maintenance of valued occupational and social roles

97
Q

Opiod epidemic

A

Government oversight: measuring pain and treating pain, patient satisfaction goes up and opiod help manage pain and use judicially may be useful. Big Pharma: you want more pain medication can provide it.. Were creating pain medicatoin that is not addictive. Oxycotin less likely to be abused we now know was not true. Major legislation and lawsuits. Lawsuit with companies knew the addiction of medication. 3 of those things were a disaster. Early 2000 to 2012 opiod use rose 70%.

98
Q

Pain management interventions

A 
Medication
NARCAN- life saving
Methadone
Suboxone
Vivitrol- 1x month
OT Intervention
Routines/Time management
Leisure exploration
Values exploration
Stress and emotion regulation
Relaxation
Sleep hygiene
Community mobility (drivers license) 
Health management
Vocational skills

Psychosocial midterm (1 decks)

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