Psychosocial Flashcards
Attachment
Process of which mom come to love and accept a child and vice verse
This occurs through the process of bonding
Proximity
Attachment is maintained through this
Interaction with infant through which the parent become acquainted with the infant , identify infant as a individual and claims infant as a member of the family
Mutuality
Infants behavior and characteristics - parental behavior and characteristics
Signaling behaviors (smile, cry) to bring caregiver to them
Acquaintance
Parents use eye contact, touching, talking and exploring to become acquainted with their baby during immediate postpartum
Adoption parents go through same process when they first meet their new child
Claiming process
Identification of the new baby
Assessment of attachment
•Assessment of parent-infant attachment relies on skillful observation and interviewing
Early contact
- Early skin-to-skin contact
- Promotes early and effective breastfeeding
- May facilitate attachment process
Extended contact
- Couplet care or rooming in
* Optimizes family-centered care
Communication Between
Parent and Infant
•The senses
- Touch
- Eye contact
- Voice
- Scent
Done by both partners
Entrainment
Infants move in time with adult speech
Wave arms, lift head, kick legs
Biorhythmicity
Refers to infant being in tune with mothers natural rhythm (her ❤️ beat)
Reciprocity and synchrony
Reciprocity- type of body movement or behavior that provides cues (absorber interrupts cues and responds)
synchrony- fit between infants cues and parents response (different cry for different situations) rewarding to both mom and baby
Becoming a mother
- Three phases of maternal role attainment (Rubin)
- Maternal sensitivity or maternal responsiveness
- Postpartum “blues”
- Postpartum depression (PPD)
Factors That Influence Psychosocial Adaptations
Age •Multiparity •Social support •Absence of a partner •Socioeconomic status •Abnormal situations
Becoming a father
Predictable phases of paternal transition:
1) Enter parenthood with intentions of being an emotionally involved father
2) Confronting reality, realizing the expectations were inconsistent with realities of life with a newborn during the first few weeks
3) Working to create the role of an involved father
4) Reaping rewards, the most significant being reciprocity from the infant, such as a smile
- Engrossment- fathers absorption and interest in infant (characteristics that give “claim to infant”)
- Often receive less interpersonal and professional support compared with mothers
Adjustment for the couple
- Resuming sexual intimacy
- Infant-parent adjustment: behavioral characteristics of the infant influence parenting behaviors
- Rhythm- Both parent and infant about to interact
- Behavioral repertoires- behaviors used to facilitate interactions
- Responsivity
Sibling adaptation - Acquaintance process
The initial adjustment of older children to a newborn takes time, and parents should allow children to interact at their own pace rather than forcing them to interact
Grandparent Adaptation
Happiness
•Contributes to family continuity
•Intergenerational relationships shift
- must realize things have changed since their time ( women men roles etc)
•Involvement depends on cultural and familial factors
Nursing actions can include the following
•Provide opportunities for parent-infant interaction
•Implement strategies to facilitate sibling acceptance of the infant
•Provide practical suggestions for infant care
•Provide anticipatory guidance on what to expect as the infant grows and develops
- sleep-wake cycles, infant behaviors, quieting techniques, developmental milestones, sensory /stimulation, signs of illness, well-baby follow-up and immunizations
•Provide positive reinforcement for loving and nurturing behaviors with infant
•Closely monitor parents who interact in inappropriate or abusive ways with their infants, and notify an appropriate mental health practitioner or professional social worker
