Psychosocial

Question 1

Attachment

Answer 1

Process of which mom come to love and accept a child and vice verse

This occurs through the process of bonding

Question 2

Proximity

Answer 2

Attachment is maintained through this

Interaction with infant through which the parent become acquainted with the infant , identify infant as a individual and claims infant as a member of the family

Question 3

Mutuality

Answer 3

Infants behavior and characteristics - parental behavior and characteristics

Signaling behaviors (smile, cry) to bring caregiver to them

Question 4

Acquaintance

Answer 4

Parents use eye contact, touching, talking and exploring to become acquainted with their baby during immediate postpartum

Adoption parents go through same process when they first meet their new child

Question 5

Claiming process

Answer 5

Identification of the new baby

Question 6

Assessment of attachment

Answer 6

•Assessment of parent-infant attachment relies on skillful observation and interviewing

Question 7

Early contact

Answer 7

• Early skin-to-skin contact
• Promotes early and effective breastfeeding
• May facilitate attachment process

Question 8

Extended contact

Answer 8

• Couplet care or rooming in

* Optimizes family-centered care

Question 9

Communication Between
Parent and Infant
•The senses

Answer 9

• Touch
• Eye contact
• Voice
• Scent

Done by both partners

Question 10

Entrainment

Answer 10

Infants move in time with adult speech

Wave arms, lift head, kick legs

Question 11

Biorhythmicity

Answer 11

Refers to infant being in tune with mothers natural rhythm (her ❤️ beat)

Question 12

Reciprocity and synchrony

Answer 12

Reciprocity- type of body movement or behavior that provides cues (absorber interrupts cues and responds)

synchrony- fit between infants cues and parents response (different cry for different situations) rewarding to both mom and baby

Question 13

Becoming a mother

Answer 13

• Three phases of maternal role attainment (Rubin)
• Maternal sensitivity or maternal responsiveness
• Postpartum “blues”
• Postpartum depression (PPD)

Question 14

Factors That Influence Psychosocial Adaptations

Answer 14

Age
•Multiparity
•Social support
•Absence of a partner
•Socioeconomic status
•Abnormal situations

Question 15

Becoming a father

Answer 15

Predictable phases of paternal transition:

1) Enter parenthood with intentions of being an emotionally involved father
2) Confronting reality, realizing the expectations were inconsistent with realities of life with a newborn during the first few weeks
3) Working to create the role of an involved father
4) Reaping rewards, the most significant being reciprocity from the infant, such as a smile

• Engrossment- fathers absorption and interest in infant (characteristics that give “claim to infant”)
• Often receive less interpersonal and professional support compared with mothers

Question 16

Adjustment for the couple

Answer 16

• Resuming sexual intimacy
• Infant-parent adjustment: behavioral characteristics of the infant influence parenting behaviors
• Rhythm- Both parent and infant about to interact
• Behavioral repertoires- behaviors used to facilitate interactions
• Responsivity

Question 17

Sibling adaptation - Acquaintance process

Answer 17

The initial adjustment of older children to a newborn takes time, and parents should allow children to interact at their own pace rather than forcing them to interact

Question 18

Grandparent Adaptation

Answer 18

Happiness

•Contributes to family continuity
•Intergenerational relationships shift
- must realize things have changed since their time ( women men roles etc)
•Involvement depends on cultural and familial factors

Question 19

Nursing actions can include the following

Answer 19

•Provide opportunities for parent-infant interaction
•Implement strategies to facilitate sibling acceptance of the infant
•Provide practical suggestions for infant care
•Provide anticipatory guidance on what to expect as the infant grows and develops
- sleep-wake cycles, infant behaviors, quieting techniques, developmental milestones, sensory /stimulation, signs of illness, well-baby follow-up and immunizations
•Provide positive reinforcement for loving and nurturing behaviors with infant
•Closely monitor parents who interact in inappropriate or abusive ways with their infants, and notify an appropriate mental health practitioner or professional social worker