Psychosis & Schizophrenia Flashcards
Difference between Psychosis and Schizophrenia
Psychosis = an episode of a break with reality - Hallucinations, delusions, thought disorder
Schizophrenia = >1 psychotic episode, + other symptoms, within a 6 month period
some of the First Rank symptoms of Schizophrenia
Hallucinations (usually auditory)
Delusions
Thought disorder - withdrawal, insertion, broadcasting
-ve symptoms of Schizophrenia
Anhedonia Avolition Alogia (reduced speech) Blunted affect social withdrawal
Schizoaffective disorder
Schizophrenic + Affective symptoms within the same period of illness
Pathways involved in the Dopamine Hypothesis
Mesolimbic –> +ve symptoms (overactive)
Mesocortical –> -ve symptoms (underactive)
Nigrostriatal –> EPSE
Tuberoinfundibular –> ^ Prolactin
5 Main types of Schizophrenia
Paranoid Hebephrenic Catatonic Simple Undifferentiated
3 criteria for a delusion
Certainty
Incorrigibility
Impossibility
Othello =
De Clerambault =
Ekbom =
Infidelity
Loving someone inaccessible
Parasitic infection
Cotard =
Capgras =
Fregoli =
Dead / rotting
Family replaced by imposter
Familiar posing as strangers
NICE guidance for new presentation + At risk
Aim for same day specialist - EIP appointment
Admit for assessment voluntarily or Section 2 (/4)
Psychological therapy options
CBT - individual or Family therapy
Psycho-education
ART therapy
Supported employment
Antipsychotic MoA
Dopamine Antagonism - block post-synaptic receptors
Also some are Serotonin Agonists
S/E profile of Antipsychotics
EPSE // Weight gain, metabolic disturbance
Anti-cholinergic - dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation
Anti-adrenergic - postural hypotension, ED
Anti-histamine - sedation, anti-emetic
Schizoid personality disorder?
Lifelong pattern of indifference to others
Prefers social isolation
Can have relationships centred on work/activities with no emotional component
Schizotypal personality disorder?
trouble with relationships
disturbed thought patterns, appearance, behaviour
pre-occupation with self
