Psychosis Flashcards
“a severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality”
Sx- delusions or hallucinations impaired contact w/ reality
“fundamental derangement of the mind characterized by defective or lost contact with reality especially as evidenced by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech and behavior”
will have their own unique set of symptoms and experiences, according totheir particular circumstances.
Four main symptoms:
delusions
hallucinations
confused and disturbed thoughts
lack of insight and self-awareness
Psy- struggle is people who don’t recognize problem
psychosis
“a persistent false belief regarding the self or persons or objects outside the self that is maintained despite indisputable evidence to the contrary; also : the abnormal state marked by such beliefs (delusional)”
“an idiosyncratic belief or impression that is firmly maintained despite being contradicted by what is generally accepted as reality or rational argument”
Delusion
– fears they are being stalked, spied upon, obstructed, poisoned, conspired against or harassed by other individuals or an organization.
- they are much greater or more influential than they really are.
exceptional talent
extravagant riches
special relationship with a prominent person (perhaps God).
Persecutory (Paranoid) Delusion
Delusion of Grandeur
A neutral event is believed to have a special and personal meaning. A person might believe a billboard or a celebrity is sending a message meant specifically for them
- False belief that people, or external controls one’s general thoughts, feelings, impulses, or behavior.
Thought broadcasting
Thought insertion
Belief that your actions are being controlled
–a person is convinced something is physically wrong with them despite evidence to the contrary. Insects, disease
Delusion of:
Reference
Delusion of Control
Somatic Delusion
develops due to a fear that a spouse or partner is being unfaithful. These doubts are unfounded.
firmly convinced that a person he or she is fixated upon is in love with them. Ex. famous person and usually there is no contact between the patient and other person, who has never encouraged the patient.
Delusional Jealousy
Erotomania-
Implausible
Example: Aliens have removed my brain
False, but possible. The CIA is following me
delusion that is consistent with the depressed or manic state of the sufferer.
not related to or influenced by mood.
Bizarre Delusion
Non-Bizarre Delusion
Mood congruent
Mood Neutral
others (usually relatives) have been replaced by imposters.
one doesn’t exist or has died.
Shared Psychosis, transmitted from one to another (usually two close people). Shared relationship
Capgras
Cotard
Folie a deux
A religious or spiritual belief that is shared by a community of believers. Examples: Virgin birth of Jesus Galactic overlord Xenu Speaking in tongues
A cultural belief shared by a cultural group.
What is NOT a Delusion?
“an experience involving the apparent perception of something not present”
“perception of objects with no reality usually arising from disorder of the nervous system or in response to drugs”
A sensory experience of something that does not exist outside the mind. A person can experience a hallucination in any of the five senses.
Perceived “objects” may include: Sounds (most common) Visions Smells- neurologic work up,(temporal lobe epilepsy) rare mental dis Touch
associated with disorders of the: Mind-psychosis Drug use Brain-delirium. Nerves- smell End organ (e.g. eye, ear, skin, etc.)
Hallucination
Considered normal phenomena
-go to sleep
Not sleep paralysis-a ware wake, things going on, can’t move. REM
-cusps of waking up
Hypnagogic and Hypnopompic Hallucinations
false perceptions of sound.
experience of internal words or noises that have no real origin in the outside world and are perceived to be separate from the person’s mental processes.
Schizophrenia
Auditory
Most concerning form of Auditory Hallucinations:
hallucinations in the form of commands.
range from innocuous to commands to harm others or self. People experiencing command hallucinations may or may not comply depending on circumstances.
Command Hallucinations:
a perception of a visual image with no external cause usually arising from a disorder of the nervous system or psychosis (without known neurological disease) or in response to drugs
Most common Drugs Bipolar Schizophrena Co-occurence
Visual Hallucination
Lights, colors, shapes and indiscreet objects.
Clear lifelike images of people, animals, objects etc
Simple (non-formed) Visual Hallucination
Complex (formed)
most frequent: drug intoxication or withdrawal
second-neurologic (brain)
Uncommon in pure psychiatric conditions
MC of Visual Hallucination
smelling odors that are not really present.
MC: unpleasant smells such as rotting flesh, vomit, urine, feces, smoke, or others
results from:
damage to olfactory nerves
induced by epilepsy
psychiatric origins
Any patient with true olfactory hallucinations deserves a medical / neurological assessment.
Olfactory Hallucination (Phantom odors) Phantosmia
Internal ruminations…even if the client refers to these ruminations as “voices.”
Bereavement- pet, loved ones
Hypnagogic or hypnopompic phenomena
What is NOT a Pathalogic Hallucination(normal states)
cognitive (thought) organization, characteristic of psychotic mental illness, in which thoughts and conversation appear illogical and lacking in sequence and may be delusional or bizarre in content.
Thought Disorder
