Psychopharmacology Flashcards
An early report suggested that _______, an antitubercular agent, had mood-elevating properties in patients who had been treated for tuberculosis (Bloch et al. 1954).
iproniazid
Phenelzine, isocarboxazid, and tranylcypromine are _______ MAOIs. Selective or non-selective?
Non-selective
Selegeline is selective for _____ at lower doses.
MAO-B
MAO-A is present in both _______ and _____ neurons, whereas MAO-B is present to a greater extent in serotonin (5-HT)–containing neurons.
dopamine & norepinephrine; serotonin
The main substrates for MAO-___ are epinephrine, NE, and 5-HT.
MAO-A
The main substrates for MAO-____ are phenylethylamine, phenylethanolamine, tyramine, and benzylamine.
MAO-B
What rare, inherited disorder is caused by a mutation in MAO-A and is characterized by impulsive aggressiveness and mild menta retardation?
Brunner syndrome
Where in the cell is the MAO enzyme located?
outer surface of the plasma membrane of mitochondria
The antidepressant mechanism of MAOIs corresponds to . . .
reduction in the number of β-adrenoceptors, α1- and α2-adrenoreceptors, and serotonin type 1 (5-HT1) and serotonin type 2 (5-HT2) receptors
What is the likely reason that tranylcypromine produces stimulant-like effects in the brain?
structural similarity to amphetamine
Early studies suggest that MAOIs are more effective for ____ depression and TCAs more effective for _____ depression.
atypical; melancholic
What percentage of patients with panic disorder respond to irreversible MAOIs?
50-60%
In treatment of panic with MAOIs, patients often feel worse before they feel better. What is the typical clinical strategy to prevent this?
combining with benzo during early treatment
A meta-review noted evidence that MAOIs are superior to ____, but not ____, in treating atypical depression (Cipriani et al. 2007).
TCAs; SSRIs
MAOI treatment can cause myoclonic jerks, peripheral neuropathy, and paresthesias. To prevent, patients should be on _______.
pyridoxine
If a patient develops myoclonic jerks with an MAOI, you may treat with ______.
cyproheptadine
With an MAOI, mild tyramine interaction occurs with about __ mg of tyramine; __ mg can produce a moderate episode, and __ mg can produce a severe episode that is characterized by hypertension, occipital headache, palpitations, nausea, vomiting, apprehension, occasional chills, sweating, and restlessness.
6; 10; 25
What is a classic IV treatment for a hypertensive reaction to MAOI?
phentolamine 5 mg
What CCB can patients carry with them in case of hypertensive crisis with an MAOI?
nifedipine
What narcotic, sometimes used in the context of surgery, can lead to a reaction with an MAOI characterized by coma, hyperpyrexia, and hypertension?
meperidine
Which MAOI should not be given to a patient with celiac disease because the tablet contains gluten?
phenelzine
Describe the actions of vortioxetine at the following receptors: 5-HT3, 5-HT1A, 5-HT7, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D.
antagonist; full agonist; antagonist; partial agonist; antagonist
In addition to its direct action at several 5-HT receptor subtypes, what additional mechanism characterizes vortioxetine?
serotonin reuptake inhibition
Vortioxetine reaches peak plasma concentration in ___ hours.
7-11 hours
