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Diagnosis and Treatment Planning > PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY > Flashcards

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT DO NEURONS DO

A

TRANSMIT MESSAGES OR COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER, DRUGS CAN AFFECT THEIR COMMUNICATION

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2
Q

SOMA

A

CELL BODY OF THE NEURON

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3
Q

DENDRITES

A

LARGE AND SMALL BRANCHES OF THE NEURON, RECEIVE MESSAGES FROM OTHER NEURONS

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4
Q

AXON

A

LONG SLENDER TUBE THAT CARRIES MESSAGES FROM THE SOMA TO ITS TERMINAL BUTTONS

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5
Q

TERMINAL BUTTONS

A

AT ENDS OF THE AXON, DELIVER NEUROTRANSMITTERS

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6
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

A

CHEMICAL MESSENGERS

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7
Q

SYNAPSE

A

PHYSICAL GAP BETWEEN THE TERMINAL BUTTON OF ONE NEURON AND A DENDRITE OR SOMA OF AN OTHER NEURON.

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8
Q

ENDOGENOUS

A

SUBSTANCES PRODUCED FROM WITHIN THE BODY. E.G., ENDORPHINS, INSULIN, ADRENALIN

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9
Q

EXOGENOUS

A

PRODUCED OUTSIDE THE BODY. E.G., CAFFIENE, VITAMINS, HERBS, MEDICATIONS, ETC.

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10
Q

DEPOLARIZED

A

LESS LIKELY TO TRANSMIT AN ELECTRICAL RESPONSE. EXCITATORY

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11
Q

HYPERPOLARIZED

A

LESS LIKELY TO TRANSMIT AN ELECTRICAL RESPONSE. INHIBITORY

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12
Q

MAIN NEUROTRANSMITTERS

A

FOR EMOTION AND BEHAVIOR: DOPAMINE, NOREPINEPHRINE, SEROTONIN

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13
Q

IMPORTANT AMINO ACIDS

A

GABA, GLYCINE, GLUTAMATE

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14
Q

TYROSINE CONVERSION

A

COMES FROM DIET, CONVERTS TO DOPAMINE WHICH FURTHER CONVERTS TO NOREPINEPHERINE.

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15
Q

SEROTONIN

A

MAY CONTRIBUTE TO MOOD, ANXIETY, AROUSAL, IRRITABILITY, TRANQUILITY, APPETITE, COGNITION, SLEEP-WAKE CYCLES, OBSESSIONS.

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16
Q

AGONIST

A

A DRUG THAT INCREASES THE AVAILABILITY OR ACTION OF A NEUROTRANSMITTER

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17
Q

ANTAGONIST

A

A DRUG THAT DECREASES THE AVAILABILITY OR ACTION OF A NEUROTRANSMITTER

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18
Q

ACETYLCHOLINE

A

MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO MEMORY, LEARNING, BEHAVIORAL AROUSAL, ATTENTION, MOOD, AND REM DURING SLEEP

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19
Q

EPINEPHRINE OR ADRENALINE

A

REGULATES OUR FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE.

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20
Q

NOREPINEPHRINE

A

WAKEFULNESS AND ALERTNESS

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21
Q

DOPAMINE

A

INVOLVED WITH BEHAVIORAL REGULATION, MOVEMENT, LEARNING, MOOD, AND ATTENTION.

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22
Q

SEROTONIN

A

MOOD REGULATION, CONTROL OF APPETITE, SLEEP AND AROUSAL, PAIN REGULATION

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23
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED ORALLY

A

BY MOUTH

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24
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED SUBCUTANEOUSLY

A

DEEP TISSUE INJECTION

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25
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED INTRAMUSCULARLY (IM)

A

MUSCLE INJECTION

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26
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED INTRADERMALLY

A

DERMAL INJECTION

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27
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED INTRANASALLY

A

NASAL SPRAY

28
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED INHALATIONAL

A

RESPIRATORY INFUSION

29
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED SUBLINGUAL

A

DISSOLUTION UNDER THE TONGUE

30
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED TRANSDERMALLY

A

SKIN ABSORPTION

31
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED INTRAVENOUSLY (IV)

A

VENOUS INJECTION

32
Q

DRUG ADMINISTERED SOLTAB

A

ORALLY DISSOLVING TABLET

33
Q

DRUG ABSORPTION SLOWEST

A

SLOWEST: ORAL ADMINISTRATION

34
Q

DRUG ABSORPTION FASTER

A

FASTER: INTRAMUSCULAR, INTRAVENOUS

35
Q

DRUG DISTRIBUTION

A

LIVER IS FIRST ORGAN FOR ORALLY ABSORBED DRUGS. KNOWN AS FIRST PASS METABOLISM. AFTER WHICH IT GOES TO THE TARGET ORGAN. CNS IS TARGET FOR PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS

36
Q

PROTEIN BINDING

A

DETERMINES HOW MUCH DRUG IS AVAILABLE TO ACT ON THE BRAIN, KEEPS IT IN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM LONGER

37
Q

HALF-LIFE

A

AVERAGE TIME REQUIRED TO ELIMINATE ONE OF A DRUG’S CONCENTRATION. IN GENERAL IT TAKES 5 HALF-LIVES FOR ANY DRUG TO BE ELIMINATED COMPLETELY FROM THE BODY

38
Q

LIPID SOLUBILITY

A

FAT SOLUBILITY, DETERMINE HOW EASILY A DRUG CAN CROSS A CELL MEMBRANE.

39
Q

THERAPEUTIC INDEX

A

RATIO OF A TOXIC DOSE TO A THERAPEUTIC DOSE.

40
Q

THERAPEUTIC DOSE

A

DRUG CONCENTRATION THAT GIVES A DESIRED RESPONSE

41
Q

TOXIC DOSE

A

DRUG CONCENTRATION THAT CAUSES MILD OR SEVERE SIDE EFFECTS

42
Q

HIGH THERAPEUTIC INDEX

A

RISK OF TOXICITY FROM A DRUG IS LOWER AT THERAPEUTIC DOSES IS FARTHER AWAY FROM TOXIC LEVELS. (MORE ROOM TO PLAY)

43
Q

LOW THERAPEUTIC INDEX

A

RISK OF TOXICITY FROM A DRUG IS GREATER BECAUSE THE THERAPEUTIC DOSE IS CLOSER TO ITS TOXIC LEVEL (E.G., LITHIUM) (LESS ROOM TO PLAY)

44
Q

LOADING DOSE

A

DRUG IS STARTED AT HIGH DOSES TO OBTAIN A CERTAIN DESIRED RESPONSE

45
Q

TOLERANCE

A

WHEN SOMEONE NEEDS GREATER AMOUNTS OF THE DRUGS OVER TIME TO PRODUCE THE DESIRED EFFECT

46
Q

WITHDRAWAL

A

A SET OF CHARACTERISTIC SYMPTOMS THAT EMERGE WHEN A DRUG IS ABRUPTLY DISCONTINUED AFTER HEAVY AND PROLONGED USE. CAN BE MEDICALLY DANGEROUS

47
Q

DISCONTINUATION SYNDROME

A

WITHDRAWAL THAT IS NOT MEDICALLY DANGEROUS. NEW CONCEPT

48
Q

POTENTIATION

A

ONE DRUG ENHANCES THE EFFECT OF A SECOND DRUG

49
Q

SYNERGISM

A

ONE DRUG THAT MAY ENHANCE THE EFFECT OF A SECOND DRUG SIGNIFICANTLY MORE THAN EXPECTED. LARGER EFFECT THAN POTENTIATION (2-FOLD VERSUS 6+-FOLD)

50
Q

PLACEBO RESPONSE

A

BRAIN ACTS AS IF THE DRUG WERE PRESENT EVEN THOUGHT THE MEDICATION IS NOT.

51
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: A.C.

A

BEFORE FOOD

52
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: B.I.D

A

TWICE A DAY

53
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: CAP.

54
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: C WITH A BAR ON TOP

55
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: H.

56
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: HS

A

AT BEDTIME

57
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: P.C.

A

AFTER FOOD

58
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: P.O.

59
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: P.R.N.

A

AS OCCASION REQUIRES

60
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: Q4H

A

EVERY 4 HOURS

61
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: Q6H

A

EVERY 6 HOURS

62
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: QD

63
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: Q.I.D.

A

FOUR TIMES A DAY

64
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: RX

A

PRESCRIPTION

65
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: STAT.

A

IMMEDIATELY

66
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: TAB.

67
Q

ABBREVIATIONS: T.I.D.

A

THREE TIMES A DAY

Diagnosis and Treatment Planning (2 decks)

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