Psychopharm Flashcards
Side effects of Li
acne, follicular and maculopapular eruptions, alopecia, GI complaints, tremor, DI, hypothyroidism, weight gain, cardiac arrhythmia, edema, psoriasis flare-ups
side effects of Lamotrigine
SJS, anemia, thrombocytopenia, liver failure, pancreatitis
SEs of benzos
sedation, respiratory suppression, addictive potential
SEs of risperidone
NMS, metabolic syndrome, GI upset, sialorrhea, lactation
Oxcarbazepine SEs
leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, SJS
MAOIs mechanism of action
increase levels of biogenic amine NTs, (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) through prevention of degradation
types of MAO enzymes
MAO-A: breaks down serotonin, norepi, and dopamine
MAO-B: Breaks down dopamine
Merperidine drug class
Opioid
Meperidine MoA
Binds to opioid receptors
Triad of serotonin syndrome
neuromuscular hyperactivity, autonomic hyperactivity, altered mental status
serotonin $ neuromuscular hyperactivity symptoms
tremor clonus, myoclonus, hyper-reflexia (in advanced stage), pyramidal rigidity
serotonin $ autonomic hyperactivity symptoms
diaphoresis, fever, tachycardia, tachypnia
serotonin $ AMS sx
agitation, excitement, confusion in advanced stage
Therapeutic drugs implicated in severe serotonin $ reactions
MAOI + SRI (selective and non-selective)
- SSRIs
- SNRI
- opioids
Side effects of MAOIs
orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, edema, sexual dysfunction, insomnia
Which anticonvulsant induces its own metabolism?
Carbamazepine: its 24-hour half-life by at least 50% during the first 3 to 4 weeks of therapy
Alzheimer cholinesterase inhibitors
tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine
Memantine MoA
binds to N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, as a receptor antagonist. Slows Ca influx into the cells. Slowing calcium influx halts destruction
Through what MoA do meds increase concentration of TCAs?
CYP450 system
What drugs increase TCA conc’ns?
Methylphenadate, clozapine, haldol, risperidone, fluoxetine, acetazolamide, thiazides, aspirine, cimetidine, sodium bicarb
What drugs decrease TCA conc’ns?
Cigarette smoking, cyp450 (1A2 enz); vitamin C, Li, barbiturates, primidone
hyperprolactinomas are caused by what psych meds
conventional neuroleptics, and risperidone. increase pituitary microadenomas through dopamine blockade.
Tx pf hyperprolactinomas iso neuroleptics?
Stop neuroleptic, and possibly administer bromocriptine. Perhaps surgery if refractory to the above
13 Tricyclic meds
amitriptyline, amoxapine, clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin, dothiepin, imipramine, lofepramine, maprotiline, nortriptyline, protriptyline, tianeptine, trimipramine
