psychopathology

Question 1

what are the four types of abnormality

Answer 1

• statistical infrequency
• deviation from ideal mental health
• deviation from social norms
• failure to function adequately

Question 2

define statistical infrequency

Answer 2

behavior that is of which rare is considered abnormal. if most of the population don’t have this behavior it is abnormal

Question 3

define deviation from ideal mental health

Answer 3

the absence of signs of good mental health. Jahoda has a criteria for what this looks like; self accusation, resistance to stress, positive attitude to stress, autonomy/independence, environmental mastery. the more criteria they fail to meet, the more abnormal they are

Question 4

define deviation from social norms

Answer 4

any behavior that doesn’t conform to accepted standards is abnormal, these norms vary from culture to culture

Question 5

define failure to function adequately

Answer 5

where an individual fails to cope with the demands of everyday life. Their symptoms don’t let them achieve what they need to on a daily basis. this is measured on a Global assessment of functioning scale

Question 6

what are the main three categories of phobias and define them

Answer 6

specific phobias - phobia of an object or certain situation
social phobias - phobia of a social situation
agoraphobia - phobia of being outside or in a public place

Question 7

state and define the behavioural characteristics of Phobias (three types)

Answer 7

Avoidance - involves the individual avoiding places where the stimuli might be, this can make everyday life hard
panic - this includes crying, shaking, running away or pacing
endurance behaviours - the individual remains in the presence of the stimuli in a high anxiety state

Question 8

state and define the emotional characteristics of phobias

Answer 8

anxiety - excessive anxiety that is disproportionate to the threat and is triggered by the thought of the object
unreasonable and disproportionate response to the stimuli