Psychology-Tobacco and Smoking Cessation Flashcards
What race/ethnicity has the highest prevalence of cigarette smoking?
American Indian/Alaskan Native
How does the prevalence of smoking relate to education, income and military rank?
It is inversely related
What percentage of the world smokes? What percentage of U.S. adults smoke? What percentage of the D.O.D.?
24%. 19%. 24%.
How many Americans die each day from tobacco use?
1200
What percentage of people die that use cigarettes regularly?
Half
What health hazards come hand-in-hand with cigarette smoking?
CV disease, cancer, lung damage, birth defects, peptic ulcers and allergies.
In what ways does cigarette smoke affect those around the smoker?
Passive smoking (2nd hand). Third-hand smoke (on clothes and floors).
What are four reasons people begin smoking?
Social (peer pressure), personal beliefs (grandparents smoke so it’s okay), motivations (rebellion) and biological (better attention span) reasons.
What advertising techniques exist for tobacco products?
Targeting of specific groups, hooks (sex appeal), subliminal messages and repetition.
When did the healthcare community have enough evidence that smoking is bad that they had to advocate for non-smoking campaigns?
1988
What is a large reason nicotine is so addictive?
Rewarding of dopamine release.
What psychobiological effects does nicotine have on smokers?
Paired association, operant conditioning (dopamine), classical conditioning and cue reactivity.
What methods need to be considered when someone is trying to quit smoking?
Psychological and pharmacological
5 key steps for quitting smoking
1) Get ready 2) Get support 3) Learn new skills and behaviors 4) Get medication and use correctly 5) Be prepared for relapse and trials
4 A’s of smoking
Avoid triggers. Alter trigger strength by changing behaviors that lead to triggers. Alternative oral substances (gum). Activities that distract from cravings.
