Psychology of Authoritarian Populism

Question 1

Tendency to see outgroup members as “less than
human.” Leads to a failure to acknowledge others’
experience and agency.

Answer 1

Dehumanization

Question 2

An individual taken as a source of information; often a

member of one’s own group

Answer 2

Epistemic Authority

Question 3

Subjective sense of belonging to a social category;
measurable by such questions as “To what extent do you
identify as…?”

Answer 3

Group Membership

Question 4

The tendency to see one’s own group as superior to

others in traits, opinions, and status

Answer 4

In-Group Favoritism/Intergroup bias

Question 5

Tendency for people to privilege members of their own
group and denigrate those of other groups. Can take
place either at the conscious or subconscious level

Answer 5

Intergroup bias

Question 6

Phenomenon whereby people prefer to receive resources

that are relatively rather than objectively superior

Answer 6

Maximum Differentiation

Question 7

The smallest piece of information necessary to induce

group-based effects

Answer 7

Minimal Groups

Question 8

The act of determining others’ intentions and desires

through social cues

Answer 8

Motivational Inference

Question 9

Emphasizing different strengths of different parties to

reduce competitiveness and bias in intergroup setting

Answer 9

Mutual Differentiation

Question 10

Tendency to view outgroup members as possessing

similar characteristics

Answer 10

Outgroup Homogeneity

Question 11

State of insecurity regarding physical or psychological

wellbeing

Answer 11

Perceived Threat

Question 12

Tendency for people to discount opinions and beliefs on

the basis of the identity of their proponents

Answer 12

Reactive Devaluation

Question 13

Revising one’s opinions about a group/individual by

assigning them to a different conceptual group

Answer 13

Recategorization

Question 14

The psychological sense of deprivation; known to

exacerbate intergroup bias

Answer 14

Scarcity

Question 15

Theory suggesting that human reason evolved to win

arguments not track truth

Answer 15

Argumentative Theory

Question 16

Consequence of cognitive dissonance whereby people
demonstrate unwillingness to change their minds in the
face of countervailing evidence

Answer 16

Attitude Inflexibility

Question 17

The psychologically aversive experience of holding two

contradictory views at the same time

Answer 17

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 18

The tendency to search and attend to only that evidence

which corroborates one’s views

Answer 18

Confirmation Bias

Question 19

Cognitive bias whereby the lower someone’s ability on a
task, the greater their tendency to overestimate that ability. Or Tendency for people to feel they understand complex
phenomena with far greater precision than they actually do

Answer 19

Dunning-Kruger Effect

Question 20

Mental shortcuts that people use to arrive at judgments

and decisions

Answer 20

Heuristics

Question 21

Credits obtained in the eyes of one’s community for

conforming to group norms

Answer 21

Moral Credentials

Question 22

The state of being unable to rationally justify one’s moral

intuitions

Answer 22

Moral Dumbfounding

Question 23

Phenomenon whereby people feel they have “done their
duty” after a trivial moral contribution and are thereby
absolved from further action

Answer 23

Moral Satiation

Question 24

Tendency to bend one’s belief to suit one’s internal

desires and motivations

Answer 24

Motivated Reasoning

Question 25

The tendency to focus on the strongest parts of one’s

own argument and the weakest parts of others’

Answer 25

Myside Bias

Question 26

The practice of condemning moral transgressors to boost

one’s own reputation

Answer 26

Outrage Signalling

Question 27

Advertising one’s moral worth to a community

Answer 27

Virtue Signalling

Question 28

Type of personality possessing certain characteristics—
including resistance to change, fear of outsiders, and
intolerance of complexity—associated with endorsement
of authoritarian systems of leadership and government

Answer 28

Authoritarian Personality

Question 29

Interplay of environmental and dispositional (personality)

factors that exacerbate authoritarianism

Answer 29

Authoritarian Dynamic

Question 30

Sense of danger relating to one’s current way of life

Answer 30

Normative Threat

Question 31

The act of supporting the status quo (often one’s own
detriment) to satisfy certain existential, epistemic, or
relational needs

Answer 31

System Justification

Question 32

The act of determining the underlying cause of events

observed in the world

Answer 32

Causal Attribution

Question 33

The act of inferring that environmental (or situational)

factors are responsible for the observed phenomenon

Answer 33

Environmental Attribution

Question 34

Theory suggesting that liberals and conservatives differ
in their recognition and adherence to one of five different
moral pillars

Answer 34

Moral Foundations Theory

Question 35

Act of giving precedence to certain values, even if at the

expense of other dearly held principles

Answer 35

Moral Prioritization

Question 36

Communication strategy that operates by framing moral

issues in terms of the specific value set held by the target

Answer 36

Moral Translation

Question 37

The act of inferring that personal (or dispositional) factors
are responsible for the observed phenomenon

Answer 37

Personal Attribution

Question 38

The tendency to be blind to the flaws in one’s own

argument or personal and vigilant to those of others

Answer 38

Self-serving Biases

Question 39

Britain’s Choice Segments

Answer 39

Progressive Activists, Civic Pragmatists, Disengaged Battlers, Established Liberals, Loyal Nationals, Disengaged Traditionalists, Backbone Conservatives

Question 40

France’s Choice Segments

Answer 40

Disillusioned Activists, Stabilizers, Optimistic Pragmatists, Disengaged, Left Behind, Identitarians

Question 41

Germany’s Choice Segments

Answer 41

The Open, The Involved, The Established, The Detached, The Disillusioned, The Angry

Question 42

A cognitive mechanism by which someone’s definition of concept shifts as the prevalence of exemplars of that concept changes

Answer 42

Prevalence induced concept change (or concept creep)

Question 43

Which population is more susceptible to concept creep?

Answer 43

Younger populations. Older adults concept space may be less flexible than younger adults when faced with a changing world.