psychology important people

Question 1

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 1

Psychology’s first laboratory; structuralism

Question 2

G. Stanley Hall

Answer 2

First president of the American Psychological Association (APA)

Question 3

Edward Titchener

Answer 3

Wilhelm Wundt’s student; founder of early field of psychology known as structuralism

Question 4

William James

Answer 4

Founder of early field of psychology known as functionalism; wrote first psychology textbook “The Principles of Psychology”

Question 5

Charles Darwin

Answer 5

Developed theory of evolution (basis of nature vs. nurture argument)

Question 6

Mary Whiton Calkins

Answer 6

First female president of the APA

Question 7

Margaret Floy Washburn

Answer 7

First female psychology Ph.D.

Question 8

Dorothea Dix

Answer 8

Early pioneer in therapy for psychological disorders

Question 9

Philip Zimbardo

Answer 9

Conducted the Stanford Prison Experiment, studying how role affects attitude

Question 10

Leon Festinger

Answer 10

Studied cognitive dissonance theory

Question 11

Solomon Asch

Answer 11

Studied conformity using perception of line length

Question 12

Stanley Milgram

Answer 12

Studied obedience using electric shocks

Question 13

John Darley

Answer 13

Studied the Bystander Effect

Question 14

Bibb Latane

Answer 14

Studied the Bystander Effect

Question 15

Paul Broca

Answer 15

Discovered area in left frontal lobe responsible for language production

Question 16

Carl Wernicke

Answer 16

Discovered area in left temporal lobe responsible for language comprehension

Question 17

Roger Sperry

Answer 17

Pioneered split-brain research by cutting the corpus callosum to treat epileptic seizures

Question 18

Michael Gazzaniga

Answer 18

Colleague of Sperry; pioneered split-brain research

Question 19

Hermann Ebbinghaus

Answer 19

Pioneering memory researcher who studied relearning, retention, and forgettin (“retention” & “forgetting” curve)

Question 20

Richard Atkinson & Richard Shiffrin

Answer 20

Proposed three-stage model for memory (sensory memory → short-term memory → long-term memory)

Question 21

George A. Miller

Answer 21

Proposed short-term memory capacity is 7+/-2

Question 22

Eric Kandel

Answer 22

Studied the neural basis for memory & learning using sea slugs

Question 23

Elizabeth Loftus

Answer 23

Studied memory reconstruction and the misinformation effect

Question 24

Wolfgang Kohler

Answer 24

Studied insight learning in animals

Question 25

Amos Tversky & Daniel Kahneman

Answer 25

Studied representativeness & availability heuristics