Psychology Humanistic Perspectives

Question 1

Psychology

Question 2

The humanistic perspective gained momentum in the 1950’s and is a theoretical orientation that emphasises the unique qualities of humans

Answer 2

especially their freedom and personal growth

Question 3

The humanistic perspective has a more optimistic view of human behaviour

Question 4

The main proponents of this theory are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

Question 5

They maintained that to fully understand people’s behaviour

Answer 5

psychologists must take into account the fundamental human drive toward personal growth

Question 6

Humanists believe that studies of animals cannot be replicated on humans as we are fundamentally different

Question 7

The basic premise of this perspective therefore is

Question 8

That humans are free

Answer 8

rational beings with the potential for personal growth

Question 9

Behavioural perspective

Question 10

The behavioural perspective started gaining momentum in 1913 and abandoned the study of consciousness altogether

Question 11

The main theorists of the behavioural perspective are John B. Watson

Answer 11

Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner

Question 12

The behavioural perspective

Answer 12

often referred to as behaviourism

Question 13

Behaviour refers to any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism

Question 14

The behavioural perspective is based on the premise

Question 15

That scientific psychology should only study observable behaviour as only observable events can be studied scientifically

Question 16

Behaviourists believe that the environment influences behaviour rather than unconscious motives and drives

Question 17

Cognitive perspective

Question 18

The cognitive perspective gained momentum in the 1950’s

Question 19

The main proponents of the cognitive perspective include Jean Piaget

Answer 19

Noam Chomsky and Herbert Simon

Question 20

Cognitions refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge

Question 21

The cognitive perspective is interested in how cognitions influence behaviour

Question 22

The cognitive perspective believe that the way people think about events influence how they behave

Question 23

The basic premise of the cognitive perspective is that

Question 24

Human behaviour cannot be fully understood without examining how people acquire

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store and process information

Question 25

What does developmental psychology focus on?

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Looks at human development across the life span, including adolescence, adulthood, and old age.

Question 26

What is the focus of social psychology?

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Focuses on interpersonal behaviour and the role of social forces in governing behaviour, including topics like attitude formation and conformity.

Question 27

What does educational psychology study?

Answer 27

Studies how people learn and the best ways to teach them, examining aspects like curriculum design and student motivation.

Question 28

What is the focus of health psychology?

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Focuses on how psychological factors relate to physical health and the treatment of illness.

Question 29

What does physiological psychology examine?

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Examines the influence of genetic factors on behaviour and the role of the brain and nervous system.

Question 30

What is encompassed in experimental psychology?

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Covers core topics like sensation, perception, learning, and motivation, and involves conducting experiments.

Question 31

What does cognitive psychology focus on?

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Focuses on higher mental processes such as memory, reasoning, and problem solving.

Question 32

What is psychometrics concerned with?

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Involves the measurement of behaviour and capacities through psychological tests.

Question 33

What does personality psychology study?

Answer 33

Interested in describing and understanding individuals' consistency in behaviour and the factors that shape personality.