PSYCHOLOGY

Question 1

start

Answer 1

w/ physiology
19th c introduces the idea that human minds are natural objects
- the mind is related/ a product of the brain

different to theo tradition
mind= free entity to be judged by God

X kant “representative of reason alone”

Question 2

William James x3

Answer 2

1- individual
2- it is what we say it is
3- emotions make religion= psychological

Question 3

James def

Answer 3

“the feelings, acts, and experiences of individual men in their solitude, so far as they apprehend themselves to stand in relation to whatever they may consider divine”

Question 4

religious experience x4

Answer 4

ineffability: defies expression/ must be directly experienced

noetic quality: state of insight into deep truths

transiency: cannot be sustained for long
passivity: grasped and held by superior power

Question 5

TAVES on James

Answer 5

James’ goal was whether these experiences could be understood in relation to other truths

Question 6

William James- father or

Answer 6

american pragmatism
- theoritical ideas= hypotheses as tools
- tools find valid via trial/error
religion is not invalidated by science

Question 7

John DEWE on James’ biggest achievement

Answer 7

biggest achievement supplied the field of religious study with a firm basis of scientific method
- anti-reductionist: valued religion in and of itself

Question 8

W. PROUDFOOT on James

Answer 8

” self-imposed constraints (…) to come up with a theory of religious experience that was faithful to the experience of believers (…) and the plausibility of the scientist”

Question 9

James and Freud complimentary relationship

Answer 9

James: our needs, desires, hopes are the cornerstones of our belief systems

Freud: and they have a mind of their own= subconscious: influences everything we do

Question 10

Freud x3

Answer 10

psych
id- unconscious that drives repressed memories
ego- conscious/ self-aware
superego- preconscious/ introjected social rules

Question 11

Ernest JONES on Freud

Answer 11

“darwin of the mind”

Question 12

psychoanalysis

Answer 12

science of the unconscious mental processes

Freud: “method of research/ impartial instrument”

Question 13

Storr on psychoanalysis

Answer 13

unscientific and mentalist

Question 14

future of illusion

Answer 14

science= “onyl road leads us to a knowledge/reality outside ourselves

Question 15

freud sources

Answer 15

darwin’s descent of man

frazer’s golden bough

Question 16

spence and wulff: how to evaluate psychoanalysis

Answer 16

adequacy of narrative

coherence, structure..

Question 17

evolotionary paradigm

Answer 17

ontogeny= phylogeny

Question 18

ontogeny

Answer 18

dev of individual org

Question 19

phylogeny

Answer 19

evo of species

cultural evo of man

Question 20

freud evolution

Answer 20

3 phases
animism
religion
science= “sophisticated”

Question 21

Civilisation and its discontents

Answer 21

freud admits his inablity to deal ith the ‘religious feeling’
(James’ ineffability)

Question 22

Colin MCGINN

Answer 22

mysterianism
the question of consciousnees is unsolvable by human minds

understanding mind= personal/subjective

understanding brains/ bodies= objective/verifiable

not compatible

no amount of personal reflection is going to provide an explanation for neurons firing
and no amount of studying neurons firing is going to explain what it feels like to see colour through someone else’s eyes